Metabolic syndrome severity score in the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population: A cross-sectional survey of Bandare-Kong Cohort Study (the findings of PERSIAN Cohort Study)

Amin Ghanbarnejad; Masoumeh Kheirandish; Feysal Yousefzade; Arash Rahimi; Abnoos Azarbad; Azim Nejatizadeh; Mehdi Shahmoradi

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1010735

Metabolic syndrome severity score in the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population: A cross-sectional survey of Bandare-Kong Cohort Study (the findings of PERSIAN Cohort Study)

Front Public Health. 2023 Jan 6:10:1010735. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1010735. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Amin Ghanbarnejad^{1

2}, Masoumeh Kheirandish¹, Feysal Yousefzade³, Arash Rahimi¹, Abnoos Azarbad¹, Azim Nejatizadeh⁴, Mehdi Shahmoradi¹

Affiliations

¹ Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
² Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
³ Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
⁴ Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as the presence of several metabolic risk factors. The traditional MetS criteria have been considered insufficient for evaluating individuals at risk. MetS has always been categorized using binary criteria, which deny that the risk associated with MetS is likely to exist as a continuum. Also, MetS may present differently depending on age, sex, race, or ethnicity. We aimed to derive age-sex-specific equations for MetS severity scores within a southern Iranian population.

Methods: This study used first-phase data from the Bandare-Kong Non-Communicable Diseases (BKNCD) Cohort Study as part of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN). After exclusion of the pregnant women, diabetic patients, and individuals taking antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic, and antidiabetic medications, 2,735 individuals aged 35 to 70 years were selected for analysis. The diagnosis of MetS was based on the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria for the Iranian population. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to formulate MetS severity scores. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to validate MetS severity score equations for age-sex-specific categories.

Results: Triglyceride had the highest factor loading range in all age-sex categories for determining the MetS severity score. Conversely, systolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) exhibited the lowest factor loadings across all age-sex groups. In both sexes, when age was considered, systolic blood pressure and FPG factor loadings were less significant among subjects aged ≥45 and 35-44 years, respectively.

Conclusion: MetS severity scores might be more applicable than the current criteria of MetS. Prospective population-based studies should be conducted to assess the accuracy and validity of the MetS severity score for predicting cardiometabolic diseases.

Keywords: Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN); adult; metabolic syndrome; metabolic syndrome severity score; middle-age.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Aged
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Humans
Iran / epidemiology
Male
Metabolic Syndrome* / epidemiology
Middle Aged
Pregnancy
Prospective Studies
Risk Factors

Grants and funding

The Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education has contributed to the funding used in the PERSIAN Cohort through Grant Number 700/534.