The electrochemical nitrogen (N2 ) reduction reaction (N2 RR) under mild conditions is a promising and environmentally friendly alternative to the traditional Haber-Bosch process with high energy consumption and greenhouse emission for the synthesis of ammonia (NH3 ), but high-yielding production is rendered challenging by the strong nonpolar N≡N bond in N2 molecules, which hinders their dissociation or activation. In this study, disordered Au nanoclusters anchored on two-dimensional ultrathin Ti3 C2 Tx MXene nanosheets are explored as highly active and selective electrocatalysts for efficient N2 -to-NH3 conversion, exhibiting exceptional activity with an NH3 yield rate of 88.3±1.7 μg h-1 mgcat. -1 and a faradaic efficiency of 9.3±0.4 %. A combination of in situ near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and operando X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy is employed to unveil the uniqueness of this catalyst for N2 RR. The disordered structure is found to serve as the active site for N2 chemisorption and activation during the N2 RR process.
Keywords: MXenes; ammonia; electrocatalysis; gold; nanoclusters.
© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.