pH-responsive switchable deep eutectic solvents to mediate pretreatment method for trace analysis of triazole fungicides in peel wastes

Jingyu Zhang; Zhihui Zhang; Liping Yao; Mingrong Qian; Zuguang Li; Yulin Han; Shanshan Bai; Mawrong Lee

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135486

pH-responsive switchable deep eutectic solvents to mediate pretreatment method for trace analysis of triazole fungicides in peel wastes

Food Chem. 2023 Jun 15:411:135486. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135486. Epub 2023 Jan 16.

Authors

Jingyu Zhang¹, Zhihui Zhang¹, Liping Yao¹, Mingrong Qian², Zuguang Li³, Yulin Han⁴, Shanshan Bai⁴, Mawrong Lee⁵

Affiliations

¹ College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
² Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China. Electronic address: qianmr@zjsru.edu.cn.
³ College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. Electronic address: lzg@zjut.edu.cn.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
⁵ Department of Chemistry, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227, China.

PMID: 36682163
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135486

Abstract

The existing QuEChERS-combined analytical pretreatment methods are limited by large reagent consumption, high environmental burden, and mediocre effects. To provide an efficient and green pretreatment method, this study developed pH-responsive switchable deep eutectic solvents (SDESs) to extract triazole fungicides (TFs) from fruit peel wastes, which could enhance the preconcentration effect of target compounds in food waste samples with complex matrices. The mechanisms of pH-induced phase transition and hydrophobicity-hydrophilicity conversion of pH-responsive SDESs were investigated by pH phase diagrams and chemical characterization techniques, respectively. We validated the established method by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), and lower LOD (0.089-0.351 ng mL^-1), LOQ (0.297-1.172 ng mL^-1), RSD (≤8.8 %) and satisfactory recoveries (90.6 %-110.9 %) and preconcentration factors (389-512) were obtained in rotting grape peel, watermelon peel, and orange peel samples. Our findings highlight the potential of pH-responsive SDESs in the extraction and analysis of various natural food products.

Keywords: Dynamic reversible phase transition; Food waste analytical pretreatment; Green chemistry; Pesticide residue extraction; Switchable deep eutectic solvent.

MeSH terms

Deep Eutectic Solvents
Food
Fungicides, Industrial*
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Liquid Phase Microextraction* / methods
Refuse Disposal*
Solvents / chemistry
Triazoles

Substances

Fungicides, Industrial
Deep Eutectic Solvents
Triazoles
Solvents