Exercise preference and tolerance in youth with bipolar disorder

Abstract

Background: Despite the multiple potential benefits, individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) report lower levels of moderate-vigorous exercise. We examined the correlates of exercise preference and tolerance among youth with BD, to inform future exercise intervention studies.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study 107 adolescents (n = 54 BD, n = 53 healthy controls [HC]) completed the self-reported Preference for and Tolerance of the Intensity of Exercise Questionnaire, a 20-minute bout of moderate intensity aerobic exercise, and the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was calculated using a proxy measure. Variables associated with either exercise preference or tolerance at p < 0.01 in univariate analyses were entered into multivariable models. Significance was set at p < 0.05 for all analyses.

Results: Exercise tolerance and CRF were significantly lower in the BD group. There was no significant difference in exercise preference. Lower exercise preference among youth with BD was significantly associated with lower CRF (β = 0.39, p = 0.006) and higher perceived exertion (β = -0.33, p = 0.01), while higher exercise preference was associated with lifetime psychiatric hospitalization (β = 0.29, p = 0.04). Female sex (β = 0.31, p = 0.03), higher perceived exertion (β = -0.37, p = 0.007), and non-Caucasian race (β = 0.31, p = 0.02) were significantly associated with lower exercise tolerance in youth with BD.

Conclusions: The current study adds to the limited literature examining exercise preference and tolerance in youth with BD and provides an avenue to examine these correlates further in clinical and exercise interventions.

Keywords: Adolescent; Aerobic exercise; Bipolar disorder; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Cardiovascular disease; Mood disorder; Preference; Tolerance; Youth.