Periodontal tissue regeneration by recombinant human collagen peptide granules applied with β-tricalcium phosphate fine particles

Yuto Yoshino; Hirofumi Miyaji; Erika Nishida; Yukimi Kanemoto; Asako Hamamoto; Akihito Kato; Tsutomu Sugaya; Tsukasa Akasaka

doi:10.1016/j.job.2023.01.002

Periodontal tissue regeneration by recombinant human collagen peptide granules applied with β-tricalcium phosphate fine particles

J Oral Biosci. 2023 Mar;65(1):62-71. doi: 10.1016/j.job.2023.01.002. Epub 2023 Jan 17.

Authors

Yuto Yoshino¹, Hirofumi Miyaji², Erika Nishida¹, Yukimi Kanemoto¹, Asako Hamamoto¹, Akihito Kato¹, Tsutomu Sugaya¹, Tsukasa Akasaka³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
² Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. Electronic address: miyaji@den.hokudai.ac.jp.
³ Department of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.

PMID: 36669699
DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.01.002

Abstract

Objectives: Recombinant human collagen peptide (RCP) is a recombinantly created xeno-free biomaterial enriched in arginine-glycine-aspartic acid sequences with good processability whose use for regenerative medicine applications is under investigation. The biocompatibility and osteogenic ability of RCP granules combined with β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) submicron particles (β-TCP/RCP) were recently demonstrated. In the present study, β-TCP/RCP was implanted into experimental periodontal tissue defects created in beagles to investigate its regenerative effects.

Methods: An RCP solution was lyophilized, granulated, and thermally cross-linked into particles approximately 1 mm in diameter. β-TCP dispersion (1 wt%; 500 μL) was added to 100 mg of RCP granules to form β-TCP/RCP. A three-walled intrabony defect (5 mm × 3 mm × 4 mm) was created on the mesial side of the mandibular first molar and filled with β-TCP/RCP.

Results: A micro-computed tomography image analysis performed at 8 weeks postoperative showed a significantly greater amount of new bone after β-TCP/RCP grafting (2.2-fold, P < 0.05) than after no grafting. Histological findings showed that the transplanted β-TCP/RCP induced active bone-like tissue formation including tartaric acid-resistant acid phosphatase- and OCN-positive cells as well as bioabsorbability. Ankylosis did not occur, and periostin-positive periodontal ligament-like tissue formation was observed. Histological measurements performed at 8 weeks postoperative revealed that β-TCP/RCP implantation formed 1.7-fold more bone-like tissue and 2.1-fold more periodontal ligament-like tissue than the control condition and significantly suppressed gingival recession and epithelial downgrowth (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: β-TCP/RCP implantation promoted bone-like and periodontal ligament-like tissue formation, suggesting its efficacy as a periodontal tissue regenerative material.

Keywords: Animals; Biocompatible materials; Bone formation; Immunohistochemistry; Periodontal ligament.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Bone Regeneration*
Collagen / pharmacology
Dogs
Humans
Peptides / pharmacology
Recombinant Proteins / pharmacology
Tooth Ankylosis*
X-Ray Microtomography

Substances

beta-tricalcium phosphate
Collagen
Recombinant Proteins
Peptides