Lemon gum: Non-toxic arabinogalactan isolated from Citrus × latifolia with antiproliferative property against human prostate adenocarcinoma cells

Fábio de Oliveira Silva Ribeiro; Fátima de Cássia Evangelista de Oliveira; Claudia Pessoa; Jhones do Nascimento Dias; Patrícia Albuquerque; Edymilaís da Silva Sousa; Sidney Gonçalo de Lima; Laís Ramos Monteiro de Lima; Venicios G Sombra; Regina Célia Monteiro de Paula; Even Herlany Pereira Alves; Daniel Fernando Pereira Vasconcelos; Darllan Damasceno Fontenele; Bruno Iles; Jand Venes Rolim Medeiros; Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo; Durcilene Alves da Silva; José Roberto de Souza de Almeida Leite

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.277

Lemon gum: Non-toxic arabinogalactan isolated from Citrus × latifolia with antiproliferative property against human prostate adenocarcinoma cells

Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Mar 31:232:123058. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.277. Epub 2023 Jan 18.

Authors

Fábio de Oliveira Silva Ribeiro¹, Fátima de Cássia Evangelista de Oliveira², Claudia Pessoa², Jhones do Nascimento Dias³, Patrícia Albuquerque³, Edymilaís da Silva Sousa⁴, Sidney Gonçalo de Lima⁴, Laís Ramos Monteiro de Lima⁵, Venicios G Sombra⁵, Regina Célia Monteiro de Paula⁵, Even Herlany Pereira Alves⁶, Daniel Fernando Pereira Vasconcelos⁶, Darllan Damasceno Fontenele⁷, Bruno Iles⁷, Jand Venes Rolim Medeiros⁷, Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo⁷, Durcilene Alves da Silva⁸, José Roberto de Souza de Almeida Leite⁹

Affiliations

¹ Center for Research in Applied Morphology and Immunology, NuPMIA, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil; Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Parnaíba Delta Federal University, UFDPar, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
² Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
³ Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, IB, University of Brasília, UnB, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, Asa Norte, Brasília, Federal District, DF, Brazil.
⁴ Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Center for Natural Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Brazil.
⁵ Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
⁶ Laboratory of Histological Analysis and Preparation (LAPHis), Parnaíba Delta Federal University, UFDPar, Parnaiba, PI, Brazil.
⁷ Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Parnaíba Delta Federal University, UFDPar, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
⁸ Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Parnaíba Delta Federal University, UFDPar, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil. Electronic address: durcileneas@gmail.com.
⁹ Center for Research in Applied Morphology and Immunology, NuPMIA, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.

PMID: 36669633
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.277

Abstract

Lemon gum (LG) obtained from Citrus × latifolia in Brazil was isolated and characterized. In addition, gum biocompatibility was evaluated in vitro and in vivo by Galleria mellonella and mice model. The cytotoxicity against tumor cells was also evaluated. The ratio of arabinose:galactose: rhamnose:4-OMe-glucuronic acid was 1:0.65:0.06:0.15. Small traces of protein were detected, emphasizing the isolate purity. Molar mass was 8.08 × 10⁵ g/mol, with three different degradation events. LG showed antiproliferative activity against human prostate adenocarcinoma cancer cells, with percentage superior to 50 %. In vivo toxicity models demonstrated that LG is biocompatible polymer, with little difference in the parameters compared to control group. These results demonstrate advance in the study of LG composition and toxicity, indicating a potential for several biomedical and biotechnological future applications.

Keywords: Biocompatibility; Biopolymer; Chemical characterization.

MeSH terms

Adenocarcinoma* / drug therapy
Animals
Citrus*
Galactans
Humans
Male
Mice
Prostate

Substances

arabinogalactan
Galactans