The clinical data of 20 patients with blunt high-grade pancreatic trauma who were admitted to the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Naval Military Medical University from December 2003 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 15 males and 5 females with a median age of 39 years (range: 14-54 years). The degree of pancreatic injury was graded according to the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) scale, including 10 cases of grade Ⅲ (50%), 8 cases of grade Ⅳ (40%), and 2 cases of grade Ⅴ (10%). Then, the strategy of diagnosis and treatment for blunt high-grade pancreatic trauma was summarized. The diagnostic rate of CT was 78.9%. Finally, 17 cases (85%) were cured and 3 cases (15%) died. Among the 10 patients with grade Ⅲ pancreatic injury, 7 cases received distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy, 1 case received distal pancreatectomy with spleen preserved, 1 case received pancreatic duct stent placement under endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD), and 1 case received only PCD. Among 8 cases of grade Ⅳ, 3 cases underwent Roux-en-Y pancreaticojejunostomy, 1 case received distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy, 1 case underwent distal pancreatectomy with spleen preserved, 2 cases received necrotic tissue removal+external drainage of pancreatic duct+abdominal drainage, and 1 case received exploratory laparotomy and gauze packing hemostasis. For 2 cases of grade Ⅴ, 1 underwent pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy, and the other case underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with right hemicolectomy and splenectomy. Therefore, the treatment of blunt high-grade pancreatic trauma should follow the individualized treatment strategy, pay attention to the control of bleeding, extensive external drainage, appropriate debridement and resection and rational application of damage control surgery, select appropriate patients for conservative treatment, and ultimately benefit the patient.
回顾性分析海军军医大学附属长海医院肝胆胰外科2003年12月至2022年2月收治的20例闭合性高级别胰腺外伤患者的临床资料。男15例，女5例，中位年龄39岁（14~54岁）。根据美国创伤外科学会（AAST）标准分级，胰腺损伤程度Ⅲ级10例（10/20，50.0%），Ⅳ级8例（8/20，40%），Ⅴ级2例（10%）。总结其闭合性高级别胰腺外伤的诊治策略。结果显示CT确诊率78.9%（15/19）。20例患者中17例（85%）治疗痊愈，3例（15%）死亡。其中Ⅲ级胰腺损伤患者10例，7例行远端胰腺、脾脏切除术，1例行保留脾脏远端胰腺切除术，2例患者行保守治疗［1例行内镜逆行胰胆管造影（ERCP）下胰管支架置入术+经皮穿刺置管引流术（PCD），1例仅行PCD］。Ⅳ级胰腺损伤患者8例，其中3例行胰肠Roux-en-Y吻合术，1例行远端胰腺、脾脏切除术，1例行保留脾脏的远端胰腺切除术，2例行坏死组织清除+胰管外引流+腹腔引流术，1例行剖腹探查、纱布填塞止血术。Ⅴ级胰腺损伤患者2例，1例行保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术，1例行胰十二指肠切除联合右半结肠、脾切除。总之，闭合性高级别胰腺外伤在治疗上应遵循个体化治疗策略，重视控制出血，广泛地外引流，适当地清创和切除，合理地应用损伤控制理念，选择合适的患者进行保守治疗，最终使患者获益。.