Experimental Gaussian Boson sampling

Han-Sen Zhong; Li-Chao Peng; Yuan Li; Yi Hu; Wei Li; Jian Qin; Dian Wu; Weijun Zhang; Hao Li; Lu Zhang; Zhen Wang; Lixing You; Xiao Jiang; Li Li; Nai-Le Liu; Jonathan P Dowling; Chao-Yang Lu; Jian-Wei Pan

doi:10.1016/j.scib.2019.04.007

Experimental Gaussian Boson sampling

Sci Bull (Beijing). 2019 Apr 30;64(8):511-515. doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.04.007. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Authors

Han-Sen Zhong¹, Li-Chao Peng¹, Yuan Li¹, Yi Hu¹, Wei Li¹, Jian Qin¹, Dian Wu¹, Weijun Zhang², Hao Li², Lu Zhang², Zhen Wang², Lixing You², Xiao Jiang¹, Li Li¹, Nai-Le Liu¹, Jonathan P Dowling³, Chao-Yang Lu⁴, Jian-Wei Pan¹

Affiliations

¹ Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
² State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
³ CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; NYU-ECNU Institute of Physics at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China.
⁴ Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China. Electronic address: cylu@ustc.edu.cn.

PMID: 36659740
DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.04.007

Abstract

Gaussian Boson sampling (GBS) provides a highly efficient approach to make use of squeezed states from parametric down-conversion to solve a classically hard-to-solve sampling problem. The GBS protocol not only significantly enhances the photon generation probability, compared to standard Boson sampling with single photon Fock states, but also links to potential applications such as dense subgraph problems and molecular vibronic spectra. Here, we report the first experimental demonstration of GBS using squeezed-state sources with simultaneously high photon indistinguishability and collection efficiency. We implement and validate 3-, 4- and 5-photon GBS with high sampling rates of 832, 163 and 23 kHz, respectively, which is more than 4.4, 12.0, and 29.5 times faster than the previous experiments. Further, we observe a quantum speed-up on a NP-hard optimization problem when comparing with simulated thermal sampler and uniform sampler.

Keywords: Boson sampling; Gaussian Boson sampling; Quantum advantage; Quantum approximate optimization; Quantum information; Squeezed state.