Antinucleocapsid (anti-N) immunoglobulin G antibody responses were lower in plasma and oral fluid after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in vaccinated patients compared with patients infected before vaccination or infected without vaccination. This raises questions about the long-term use of anti-N antibodies as a marker for natural infection for surveillance.
Keywords: COVID-19; hybrid immunity; nucleocapsid antibody; surveillance; vaccines.
Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America 2022.