Impact of vitamin AD3E treatment before application of controlled intra-vaginal drug releaser on clinical and hematologic findings, ovarian hormones, and calving rates in she-camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Ragab H Mohamed; Arafat Khalphallah; Fatma Ali; Ebtsam S Abdel-Lah; Abdulrahman Abdulkarim; Enas Elmeligy

doi:10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i6.24

Impact of vitamin AD₃E treatment before application of controlled intra-vaginal drug releaser on clinical and hematologic findings, ovarian hormones, and calving rates in she-camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Open Vet J. 2022 Nov-Dec;12(6):965-974. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i6.24. Epub 2022 Dec 12.

Authors

Ragab H Mohamed¹, Arafat Khalphallah², Fatma Ali³, Ebtsam S Abdel-Lah⁴, Abdulrahman Abdulkarim⁵, Enas Elmeligy⁶

Affiliations

¹ Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
² Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
³ Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
⁴ Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
⁵ Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Omar Almukhtar University, Bayda, Libya.
⁶ Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: The scope of using controlled intra-vaginal drug releasers (CIDR) in the camel industry was small relative to that of cow, sheep, and goat.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of intramuscular injection of AD₃E (25 ml/400 kg) as a premedication protocol before CIDR treatment on ovarian hormones profile and calving rate in dromedary she-camels (Camelus dromedarius) through measuring concentrations of progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) before, during, and after CIDR use.

Methods: The study was conducted on she-camels (C. dromedarius) (n = 24) aged between 6 and 14 years. The animals were assigned into two equal groups: CIDR treated group (CIDR_gr) and AD₃E plus CIDR treated group (CIDR⁺ _gr).

Results: Except for hemoglobin, the clinical and hematological findings showed no remarkable change either within each independent group or between CIDR_gr and CIDR⁺ _gr. Serum P4 and E2 concentrations differed significantly between the first 7 days (during CIDR use) and days from 9 to 15 (after CIDR use) in dromedary camels. Serum concentrations of P4 and E2 showed significant elevation at CIDR⁺ _gr at day 0 compared with CIDR_gr. This significant increase in serum of P4 and E2 at CIDR⁺ _gr compared to those of CIDR_gr was also observed either during CIDR use (days 3, 5, and 7) or after CIDR use (days 9, 11, 13, and 15). During CIDR use, serum concentrations of P4 were negatively correlated with those of E2 either in CIDR_gr or CIDR⁺ _gr, however, they were positively correlated after CIDR removal either in CIDR_gror CIDR⁺ _gr. Regarding the calving rate, it was highest in CIDR⁺ _gr whereas CIDR_gr showed the lowest one.

Conclusion: It was concluded that the AD₃E pretreatment protocol of she-camels before insertion of CIDR could be used successfully during the breeding season to improve fertility in she-camels whereas the serum ovarian hormones profile and calving rates were clearly changed due to pretreatment of she-camels with AD₃E before CIDR insertion.

Keywords: AD3E; CIDR; Calving rates; Camel estrus synchronization; Ovarian hormones.

MeSH terms

Animals
Camelus*
Cattle
China
Estrus Synchronization / methods
Ethnicity
Female
Humans
Ovarian Follicle*
Progesterone / pharmacology
Sheep
Vitamins / pharmacology

Substances

Vitamins
Progesterone