The aromatic amino acid hydroxylases phenylalanine hydroxylase, tyrosine hydroxylase, and tryptophan hydroxylase are non-heme iron enzymes that catalyze key physiological reactions. This review discusses the present understanding of the common catalytic mechanism of these enzymes and recent advances in understanding the relationship between their structures and their regulation.
Keywords: Allostery; Catecholamines; Non-heme iron; Phenylketonuria; Phosphorylation.
Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.