Design, synthesis, and biological investigation of oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, and pyrimidinyl linked antipyrine derivatives as potential non-acidic anti-inflammatory agents

J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2023 Dec;38(1):2162511. doi: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2162511.

Abstract

A novel series of 12 antipyrine derivatives containing 1,3,4-oxadiazoles (4a-d), 1,3,4-thiadiazoles (6a-d), and pyrimidines (8a-d), was preparedand assessed for its potential in vitro COX-2 inhibitors. Compared to Celecoxib, compounds 4b-d and 8d were the most potent derivatives c with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration range of 53-69 nM. Considering COX-2 selectivity index, compounds 4 b and 4c were chosen among these most potent derivatives for further investigation. The in vivo ability of compounds 4 b and 4c to counteract carrageenan-induced paw edoema has been assessed and their potential underlying mechanisms have been elucidated and the results have been further validated using molecular docking simulations.

Keywords: thiadiazole; Antipyrine; anti-inflammatory; oxadiazole; pyrimidine.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents* / pharmacology
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacology
  • Antipyrine* / pharmacology
  • Celecoxib / pharmacology
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Drug Design
  • Edema / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Antipyrine
  • Celecoxib
  • Cyclooxygenase 2
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Jouf University under Grant Number [grant number DSR2022-RG-0146].