Management of patients with advanced prostate cancer in Japan: 'real-world' consideration of the results from the Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference

Kazutoshi Fujita; Hiroyoshi Suzuki; Nobuyuki Hinata; Yuji Miura; Kohei Edamura; Ken-Ichi Tabata; Gaku Arai; Nobuaki Matsubara; Yota Yasumizu; Takeo Kosaka; Mototsugu Oya; Mikio Sugimoto

doi:10.21037/tau-22-396

Management of patients with advanced prostate cancer in Japan: 'real-world' consideration of the results from the Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference

Transl Androl Urol. 2022 Dec;11(12):1771-1785. doi: 10.21037/tau-22-396.

Authors

Kazutoshi Fujita¹, Hiroyoshi Suzuki², Nobuyuki Hinata³, Yuji Miura⁴, Kohei Edamura⁵, Ken-Ichi Tabata⁶, Gaku Arai⁷, Nobuaki Matsubara⁸, Yota Yasumizu⁹, Takeo Kosaka⁹, Mototsugu Oya⁹, Mikio Sugimoto¹⁰

Affiliations

¹ Department of Urology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan.
² Department of Urology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.
³ Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.
⁴ Department of Medical Oncology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵ Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
⁶ Department of Urology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
⁷ Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan.
⁸ Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan.
⁹ Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
¹⁰ Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.

Abstract

A multidisciplinary approach is necessary to manage advanced prostate cancer. The Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference (APCCC) in 2019 provided a practical guide to help clinicians consider therapeutic options in controversial areas, but healthcare systems vary across the world. At the 109th annual meeting of the Japanese Urological Association in December 2021, Japanese urologists voted on the questions in the APCCC 2019 guidelines regarding prostate-specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET), management of oligometastatic prostate cancer, management of nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), management of a primary tumor in metastatic settings, systemic treatment of newly diagnosed metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC), management of metastatic CRPC (mCRPC), and tumor genomic testing. We summarize the "real-world" status of the management of advanced prostate cancer in Japan. Several differences were noted in the management of advanced prostate cancer between Japanese urologists and the APCCC 2019 guidelines. Many Japanese urologists chose conventional imaging modalities for detecting metastasis instead of PSMA-PET. More Japanese urologists prefer androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) alone in the management of low-volume metastatic CSPC than the APCCC panelists do, In the management of M0 CRPC, darolutamide and enzalutamide were chosen more by Japanese urologists than by the voters at the APCCC 2019. Bicalutamide remains one of the options for the management of mCRPC in Japan. More Japanese urologists do not recommend microsatellite instability (MSI) and BRCA1/2 tests than the voters at the APCCC 2019. Clinical evidence in Japan should be collected to address these discrepancies.

Keywords: Prostate-specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET); castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC); genomic testing; hormone-sensitive prostate cancer; oligometastatic prostate cancer.

Publication types

Review