Is three-dimension-printed mesh scaffold an alternative to reconstruct cavity bone defects near joints?

Abstract

Purpose: Reconstruction of cavity bone defects after curettage of benign bone tumours around the joint remains challenging. We designed a novel 3D-printed mesh scaffold as a substitute for bone cement, aiming to support the articular surface, protect the subchondral bone, and reduce complication rates.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed seven patients who received curettage and reconstruction using a 3D-printed mesh scaffold between January 2020 and June 2021. Pain and function were evaluated using the 10-cm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score and the 1993 version of the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS-93) score. Radiographs were used to evaluate articular surface supporting, subchondral bone protection, and complications.

Results: The median functional MSTS-93 and VAS scores were both improved after surgery, and the median 3D-printed mesh scaffold volume was smaller than the median defect volume. Articular surface supporting, subchondral bone preservation, and osteogenesis were observed post-operatively. No related complications were observed during the last follow-up.

Conclusions: The 3D-printed mesh scaffold provided sufficient mechanical support for the articular surface and protected the subchondral bone. We recommended the 3D-printed mesh structure as an alternative to repair cavity bone defects around joints.

Keywords: 3D printed; Bone cement; Bone tumor; Cavity defect; Mesh scaffold.