Go Micro Aesthetics: A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess Anterior Hard and Soft Tissue Parameters in Young Adults of Bhopal City

Bhavika A Bhavsar; Jasleen Suri; Varun Kumar; Vadi Hari Krishna; N Thanigai Selvi; Shantwana Singh

doi:10.7759/cureus.32258

Go Micro Aesthetics: A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess Anterior Hard and Soft Tissue Parameters in Young Adults of Bhopal City

Cureus. 2022 Dec 6;14(12):e32258. doi: 10.7759/cureus.32258. eCollection 2022 Dec.

Authors

Bhavika A Bhavsar¹, Jasleen Suri¹, Varun Kumar¹, Vadi Hari Krishna¹, N Thanigai Selvi¹, Shantwana Singh¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Ram Krishna Dharmarth Foundation (RKDF) Dental College and Research Center, Bhopal, IND.

Abstract

Background In the maxillary aesthetic zone, the symmetry and proportions of hard and soft dental tissue play a crucial role. A dental practitioner should have a thorough knowledge of parameters such as crown length (CL), crown width (CW), zenith point, and gingival angle (GA) to perform teeth restorations. This study aims to assess the anterior hard and soft tissue parameters and determine the crown shape and its correlation with the gingival parameters of young adults' anterior teeth. Methods In the study, 110 patients were assessed and divided into two groups: Group I with 55 females and Group II with 55 males. Using a calibrated vernier caliper, the following parameters were calculated: crown width (CW)/crown length (CL) ratio, gingival angle (GA), distance from the lateral incisor (LI) to the gingival aesthetic line (GAL), interdental papilla height (PH) between the two central incisors (CI), distance between the central incisor (CI) and the lateral incisor (LI), and distance between LI and canine. Results Statistical analysis of data was performed using the independent samples t-test (P<0.05). The mean value of CW, CL, CW/CL ratio, and GA, along with the distance from LIs to GALs and PHs of the anterior teeth, were lower in females than in males. The correlation between the GA and the CW/CL ratio indicated that higher GAs and CW/CL ratios give teeth a square appearance. Moreover, a lower GA and CW/CL ratio will make teeth appear round or narrow. Conclusion The present study concluded that the mean values of hard and soft dental tissue parameters are higher in males than in females. These values can be used to restore functional aesthetics in accordance with the results of a local population and could help form restorative, aesthetic, and cosmetic procedures while maintaining focus on the size and shape of teeth and the level of gingiva at various significant treatment stages.

Keywords: anterior aesthetics; gingival aesthetic line; gingival angle; ideal smile; tooth dimensions; zenith point.