This retrospective study investigated circulating immune cell alteration in patients with myopic retinopathy. Blood test results and demographic and ocular information of 392 myopic patients and 129 emmetropia controls who attended Changsha Aier Eye Hospital from May 2017 to April 2022 were used in this study. Compared with emmetropia, the percentages of neutrophils and basophils and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were significantly higher in myopic patients, whereas the percentages of monocytes and lymphocytes and the counts of lymphocytes and eosinophils were significantly lower in myopic patients. After adjusting for age and hypertension/diabetes, the difference remained. Interestingly, the platelet counts were significantly lower in myopic patients after the adjustments. Further subgroup analysis using multivariable linear regression showed that higher levels of neutrophils, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and platelet/lymphocyte ratio, lower levels of monocytes, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and platelets, were related to myopic peripheral retinal degeneration (mPRD) and posterior staphyloma (PS). A higher level of basophils was linked to myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV). Our results suggest that higher levels of circulating neutrophils and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, lower monocytes, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and platelets are related to mild myopic retinopathy. A higher level of circulating basophils is related to the severe form of myopic retinopathy, such as mCNV.
Keywords: basophils; blood test; immune cells; myopia; neutrophils; platelets; retinal degeneration.