Water temperature is one of the key environmental factors for marine ectotherms and a change in temperature beyond and organism's capacity limits can cause a series of changes to physiological state and damage to the organism. Understanding how organisms adapt to complex environments is a central goal of evolutionary biology and ecology. Ruditapes philippinarum is an ecologically and scientifically important marine bivalve species. To uncover the molecular mechanisms of acclimation of R. philippinarum to low-temperature stress, iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics was conducted to compare the proteomes of the north and south populations of R. philippinarum under low-temperature stress. The results showed a total of 6355 and 6352 proteins were identified in two populations, respectively. Among these, 94 and 83 were differentially abundant proteins (DAPs), and most of DAPs were related to oxidation-process, protein binding, or an integral component of membrane. According to the results of KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, most of DAPs in both populations are involved in immune-related pathways, while other population-specific significant abundance proteins of south population and north population were enriched in biosynthesis of amino acids (Enolase, Glutamine synthetase) and unsaturated fatty acids pathways (3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, Stearoyl-CoA desaturase), respectively, indicating that two population of clams may have different cold-stress regulation mechanisms. Our study provides new insights into different cold stress tolerance mechanisms in northern and southern populations of R. philippinarum using iTRAQ-based proteomics. This work contributes to a better understanding of molecular basis on cold stress response and adaptations, which shed lights on evolutionary biology and general ecophysiology of R. philippinarum.
Keywords: Manila clam; cold stress; iTRAQ; unsaturated fatty acids.
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