Two cases of CRPC with BRCA mutation treated by olaparib after favorable response to cisplatin

Abstract

Introduction: Several prostate cancers carry homologous recombination repair mutations that respond to olaparib. Because of the mechanism, the efficacy of platinum-based therapy can be used to predict the efficacy of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors such as olaparib.

Case presentation: We experienced two neuroendocrine prostate cancer patients who achieved a response duration of more than 1 year with platinum-based therapy. Case 1 had a BRCA2 mutation in the germline and case 2 had a BRCA2 mutation in a somatic chromosome only. Both patients responded well to olaparib.

Conclusion: Cisplatin and olaparib may overlap in response due to their medicinal action. It may be useful to consider genetic testing in some CRPC patients who have responded to cisplatin.

Keywords: BRCA; castration‐resistant prostate cancer; neuroendocrine prostate cancer; poly(adenosine diphosphate‐ribose) polymerase; prostate cancer.