Expert consensus of the Spanish Society of Pathology and the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology on the determination of biomarkers in pancreatic and biliary tract cancer

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer and biliary tract cancer have a poor prognosis. In recent years, the development of new diagnostic techniques has enabled the identification of the main genetic alterations involved in the development of these tumours. Multiple studies have assessed the ability to predict response to treatment of certain biomarkers, such as BRCA in pancreatic cancer, IDH1 or FGFR2 in biliary tract cancer and microsatellite instability or NTRK fusions in an agnostic tumour fashion. In this consensus, a group of experts selected by the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) and the Spanish Society of Pathology (SEAP) reviewed the role played by these mutations in the process of carcinogenesis and their clinical implications. Based on their results, a series of recommendations are made to optimize the determination of these biomarkers and thus help standardize the diagnosis and treatment of these tumours.

Keywords: Biliary tract cancer; Carcinogénesis; Diagnóstico molecular; Molecular diagnosis; Mutaciones; Pancreatic cancer; Predictive value; Prognostic value; Targeted therapies; Terapias dirigidas; Valor predictivo; Valor pronóstico.