Objective: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of hyperlactatemia after pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). Methods: From December 2016 to January 2022, patients receiving PEA in China-Japan Friendship Hospital were enrolled in the study. Arterial blood samples were analyzed intraoperatively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the predictors of intraoperative lactate elevation as well as major factors influencing the clinical outcome of the surgery. Results: A total of 110 patients (69 males and 41 females) were enrolled, aged (50.6±12.8) years. Receiver operating characteristic curve yielded an optimal cut-off lactate level of 7 mmol/L for predicting major postoperative complications (re-operation, re-intubation, postoperative renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy, wound infection, stroke, atrial fibrillation, and perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation usage within 48 hours after surgery). Thirty-nine patients (35.5%) had an intraoperative peak arterial lactate level of≥7 mmol/L. According to intraoperative peak arterial lactate level, the patients were divided into two groups (<7 mmol/L and≥7 mmol/L). There were no statistically significant differences in age, sex and body mass index between the two groups (all P>0.05). Intraoperative peak lactate level was associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation time (r=0.262, P=0.008) and intensive care unit length of stay (r=0.304, P=0.002). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified three key variables associated with lactate level≥7 mmol/L: DHCA duration (OR=1.186, 95%CI: 1.027-1.370, P=0.020), nadir hematocrit (HCT) (OR=0.580, 95%CI: 0.341-0.988, P=0.045) and preoperative pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) (OR=1.096, 95%CI: 1.020-1.177, P=0.012). Patients with lactate≥7 mmol/L carried a higher rate of major complications (P=0.001). For patients with lactate≥7 mmol/L, 41.0% (16 out of 39 cases) had major complications, while for patients with lactate<7 mmol/L, only 14.1% (10 out of 71) had major complications. There was no statistically significant difference in mortality (8.5% vs 10.3%, P=0.753) between patients with different lactate levels. Moreover, intraoperative peak lactate level was a predictor of postoperative combined morbidity (OR=1.625, 95%CI: 1.176-2.245, P=0.003). Conclusion: High intraoperative lactate levels are associated with higher preoperative PVR, lower nadir HCT, and longer DHCA duration. Intraoperative lactate levels are independently associated with increased combined morbidity.
目的： 探讨深低温停循环（DHCA）下肺动脉内膜剥脱（PEA）术中患者血乳酸升高的相关因素及其对预后的影响。 方法： 回顾性分析2016年12月至2022年1月在中日友好医院接受PEA的患者资料。通过受试者工作特征曲线分析血乳酸峰值水平对术后主要并发症的预测能力，并通过最大约登指数确定cut-off值。采用多因素logistic回归分析术中血乳酸水平升高的相关因素及临床结局的影响因素。 结果： 共纳入110例患者，男69例，女41例，年龄（50.6±12.8）岁。受试者工作特征曲线分析结果提示，预测主要术后并发症（术后48 h再手术、再次气管插管、需要肾替代治疗的急性肾损伤、伤口感染、脑卒中、心房颤动、体外膜肺氧合）的血乳酸水平cut-off值为7 mmol/L。39例患者（35.5%）术中血乳酸峰值≥7 mmol/L。根据术中血乳酸峰值≥7 mmol/L与<7 mmol/L分为两组，两组患者年龄、性别及体质指数差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。术中血乳酸峰值与机械通气时间（r=0.262，P=0.008）、重症监护病房停留时间（r=0.304，P=0.002）呈正相关。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，DHCA持续时间长（OR=1.186，95%CI：1.027~1.370，P=0.020）、最低红细胞比容（HCT）低（OR=0.580，95%CI：0.341~0.988，P=0.045）和术前肺血管阻力（PVR）高（OR=1.096，95%CI：1.020~1.177，P=0.012）是术中血乳酸峰值≥7 mmol/L的相关因素。术中血乳酸峰值≥7 mmol/L和<7 mmol/L的患者中分别有41.0%（16/39）和14.1%（10/71）出现主要并发症，差异有统计学意义（P=0.001）。此外，多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，术中血乳酸峰值是术后主要并发症发生的影响因素（OR=1.625，95%CI：1.176~2.245，P=0.003）。术中血乳酸峰值<7 mmol/L和≥7 mmol/L的患者院内死亡发生率差异无统计学意义（8.5%比10.3%，P=0.753）。 结论： 术前PVR高、术中HCT低、停循环时间长是术中血乳酸升高的相关因素，术中血乳酸水平高的患者术后并发症发生风险升高。.