The Current State of Knowledge About Evolution of Multiple Myeloma to Plasma Cell Leukemia

Artur Jurczyszyn; Magdalena Olszewska-Szopa; David H Vesole

doi:10.1016/j.clml.2022.12.002

The Current State of Knowledge About Evolution of Multiple Myeloma to Plasma Cell Leukemia

Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2023 Mar;23(3):188-193. doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.12.002. Epub 2022 Dec 6.

Authors

Artur Jurczyszyn¹, Magdalena Olszewska-Szopa², David H Vesole³

Affiliations

¹ Hematology Department, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland. Electronic address: mmjurczy@cyf-kr.edu.pl.
² Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
³ Department of Medicine, John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Hackensack, NJ.

PMID: 36593169
DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.12.002

Abstract

Plasma cell leukemia is a rare form of multiple myeloma (MM). In contrast to de novo primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL), which is very uncommon presentation of MM, there is increasing frequency of transformation to secondary plasma cell leukemia (sPCL) with increasing survival of patients (MM). The molecular basis of sPCL remains poorly understood sPCL is particularly aggressive and is associated with an extremely poor prognosis, constituting a major unmet medical need. High-quality data in sPCL regarding presentation, treatment and outcomes is limited. Herein we review the current state of knowledge on sPCL diagnostics, molecular biology, clinical characteristics, prognosis and reported treatment outcomes and the emergence of the new therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: Diagnosis; Plasma cell dyscrasia; Prognosis; Secondary plasma cell leukemia; Therapy.

Publication types

Case Reports
Review

MeSH terms

Humans
Leukemia, Plasma Cell* / drug therapy
Multiple Myeloma* / complications
Prognosis
Treatment Outcome