Effect of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease on Left Ventricular Deformation and Atrioventricular Coupling in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome Assessed by MRI

Abstract

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) was recently recognized as an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.

Purpose: To examine the effect of MAFLD on cardiac function in metabolic syndrome by MRI.

Study type: Retrospective.

Population: One hundred seventy-nine patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), 101 with MAFLD (MAFLD [+]) and 78 without (MAFLD [-]). Eighty-one adults without any of the components of MetS or cardiac abnormalities were included as control group.

Field strength/sequence: 3.0 T; balanced steady-state free precession sequence.

Assessment: Left atrial (LA) strain was assessed during three phases: reservoir strain (LA-RS), conduit strain (LA-CS), and booster strain (LA-BS). Left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal (LV-GLS) strain was also derived. The left atrioventricular coupling index (LACI) was calculated as the ratio of LA end-diastolic volume (LA-EDV) and LV-EDV.

Statistical tests: Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test; One-way analysis of variance. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Among MetS patients, individuals with MAFLD had significantly lower magnitude LV-GLS (-11.6% ± 3.3% vs. -13.8% ± 2.7%) than those without MAFLD. For LA strains, LA-RS (36.9% ± 13.7% vs. 42.9% ± 13.5%) and LA-CS (20.0% ± 10.6% vs. 24.1% ± 9.2%) were also significantly reduced in MAFLD (+) compared to MAFLD (-). The LACIs (17.2% [12.9-21.2] % vs. 15.8% [12.2-19.7] %) were significantly higher in patients with MAFLD compared to those without MAFLD. After adjustment for other clinical factors, MAFLD was found to be independently correlated with LV-GLS (β = -0.270) and LACI (β = 0.260).

Data conclusion: MAFLD had an unfavorable effect on LV myocardial strain in MetS. Moreover, LA strain and atrioventricular coupling were further impaired in patients with concomitant MAFLD compared to those without MAFLD. Last, MAFLD was independently associated with subclinical LV dysfunction and atrioventricular coupling after adjustment for other clinical factors.

Evidence level: 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: 3.

Keywords: atrioventricular coupling; left atrial strain; left ventricular strain; metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease; metabolic syndrome.