Cell Wall Mannan of Candida Attenuates Osteogenic Differentiation by Human Dental Pulp Cells

Wajathip Bulanawichit; Thu Ngoc Yen Nguyen; Patcharee Ritprajak; Nunthawan Nowwarote; Thanaphum Osathanon

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2022.11.010

Cell Wall Mannan of Candida Attenuates Osteogenic Differentiation by Human Dental Pulp Cells

J Endod. 2023 Feb;49(2):190-197. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.11.010. Epub 2022 Dec 29.

Authors

Wajathip Bulanawichit¹, Thu Ngoc Yen Nguyen², Patcharee Ritprajak², Nunthawan Nowwarote³, Thanaphum Osathanon⁴

Affiliations

¹ Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
² Research Unit in Integrative Immuno-Microbial Biochemistry and Bioresponsive Nanomaterials and Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
³ Oral Biology Department, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology and Université Paris Cité, Dental Faculty, Paris, France. Electronic address: nunthawan.nowwarote@u-paris.fr.
⁴ Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. Electronic address: thanaphum.o@chula.ac.th.

PMID: 36586575
DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.11.010

Abstract

Introduction: Candida spp. has recently been introduced to interact with conventional carious bacteria, leading to dental caries progression and virulence ability. Evidence regarding the influence of Candida spp. on human dental pulp cell response remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Candida albicans mannans on cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and inflammatory-related gene expression in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs).

Methods: hDPCs were treated with cell wall mannans isolated from C. albicans, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Candida tropocalis, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida dubliniensis. Cell viability was performed using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay. Osteogenic differentiation- and inflammatory-related gene expression were determined using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Mineralization was examined using alizarin red S staining.

Results: The treatment of mannans isolated from C. albicans, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. tropocalis, C. parapsilosis, and C. dubliniensis at concentrations ranging from 10-100 μg/mL did not affect cytotoxicity or cell proliferation. Mannans isolated from C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. tropocalis significantly attenuated mineralization. However, cell wall mannans isolated from C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, and C. dubliniensis did not significantly influence mineral deposition in hDPCs. C. albicans cell wall mannans significantly attenuated osteogenic differentiation-related gene expression (RUNX2, ALP, and ENPP1). Interestingly, IL12 messenger RNA expression was significantly upregulated when treated with C. albicans cell wall mannans. The addition of recombinant IL12 significantly decreased mineralization in hDPCs.

Conclusions: C. albicans cell wall mannans attenuated osteogenic differentiation in hDPCs and up-regulated inflammatory-related gene IL12 expression.

Keywords: Candida albicans mannan; human dental pulp cells; osteogenic differentiation.

MeSH terms

Candida
Cell Differentiation / physiology
Cell Wall
Dental Caries*
Dental Pulp
Humans
Interleukin-12
Mannans*
Osteogenesis

Substances

Mannans
Interleukin-12

Supplementary concepts

Candida dubliniensis