Poly(N-2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide)-capped gold nanoparticles as nanozymes with peroxidase-mimicking performance for the colorimetric monitoring of serum homocysteine

Anal Bioanal Chem. 2023 Feb;415(5):953-960. doi: 10.1007/s00216-022-04491-9. Epub 2022 Dec 26.

Abstract

Recently, nanozymes based on polymer-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have attracted more and more attention on account of their polymer-ligands' multiple functionalization sites. However, the contribution of polymer hydrogen bonding to the catalytic activity of AuNPs has received little attention. This study designed and fabricated poly(N-2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide)-capped AuNPs (PHPAM@AuNPs) using a hydroxyl-rich polymer as the ligand. The PHPAM@AuNPs exhibited good peroxidase-mimicking activity capable of efficiently oxidizing 3,3'5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) with H2O2. The effect of PHPAM hydrogen bonding on the catalytic activity of PHPAM@AuNPs was investigated. Under peroxidase-mimicking catalysis, homocysteine introduced a notable reduction in oxidation, allowing the creation of a colorimetric method for homocysteine detection with high selectivity and sensitivity. The ultraviolet-visible absorption intensity of oxidized TMB showed a strong linear relationship with homocysteine concentration in the range of 3.0-20.0 μM (R2 = 0.998), with a limit of detection of 0.4 μM. The proposed colorimetric protocol was used to monitor homocysteine in rat serum following intraperitoneal injection. This work provides a new way to refine AuNP-based nanozymes by relying on polymer-ligand hydrogen bonding. It has strong application potential in the analysis of endogenous molecules in real samples.

Keywords: AuNPs; Homocysteine; Peroxidase-like activity; Poly(N-2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide); TMB.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Colorimetry / methods
  • Coloring Agents
  • Gold
  • Homocysteine* / blood
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / analysis
  • Ligands
  • Metal Nanoparticles*
  • Peroxidase*
  • Peroxidases
  • Polymers
  • Rats

Substances

  • Coloring Agents
  • Gold
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Ligands
  • Peroxidase
  • Peroxidases
  • Polymers
  • Homocysteine