Urine trace element disorder along with renal function injury in vitamin D deficient diabetic rats and intervention effect of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3

Dongxia Wang; Ning Wang; Juan Zhou; Gang Luo; Yanyan Li; Wei Yu; Hongxing Tan; Gang Liu; Jun Wang; Liping Hao

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.1042558

Urine trace element disorder along with renal function injury in vitamin D deficient diabetic rats and intervention effect of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3

Front Nutr. 2022 Dec 6:9:1042558. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1042558. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Dongxia Wang^{1

2}, Ning Wang¹, Juan Zhou¹, Gang Luo¹, Yanyan Li³, Wei Yu³, Hongxing Tan³, Gang Liu⁴, Jun Wang⁵, Liping Hao¹

Affiliations

¹ Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
² Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
³ Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China.
⁴ Hebei Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury Repair Mechanism Study, Department of Cardiology, Hebei International Joint Research Center for Structural Heart Disease, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
⁵ School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, China.

Abstract

Introduction: Trace element metabolism disorders are often secondary to disorders of glucose metabolism in diabetes. Although 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)₂D₃] could ameliorate abnormal glucose metabolism in the development of diabetes, the effect on trace element metabolism is unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ on urinary excretions of trace elements in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats.

Methods: At 6 weeks of age, male ZDF (n = 40) rats were subdivided into four groups: diabetic model (ZDF), low-dose (ZDF + VL, 2 μg/kg⋅bw), middle-dose (ZDF + VM, 8 μg/kg⋅bw) and high-dose (ZDF + VH, 16 μg/kg⋅bw) 1,25(OH)₂D₃ groups. Another 10 Zucker lean (ZL) rats served as a control group. All rats were given vitamin D deficient Purina #5008 chow and the intervention groups were given the corresponding dose of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ by gavage on alternate days for 7 weeks. Microalbuminuria (MALB) and urinary creatinine concentration were detected by a biochemical autoanalyzer. Urine trace element concentrations were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and were corrected by urinary creatinine.

Results: Throughout the intervention phase, MALB, UACR and urinary creatinine levels in the ZDF group were significantly higher than those in the ZL group, and showed a gradual increase with the prolongation of the intervention time. These changes were reversed in a dose-dependent manner after 1,25(OH)₂D₃ intervention (P < 0.05). Correspondingly, most of the urinary trace element excretions in the ZDF rats were significantly increased compared with the ZL group, and 1,25(OH)₂D₃ intervention significantly reduced the urinary copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se) and molybdenum (Mo) levels in the ZDF rats (P < 0.05), especially in the medium and high dose groups.

Conclusion: 1,25(OH)₂D₃ had improvement effects on urinary Cu, Zn, Se, and Mo excretions in ZDF rats, suggesting that it may be related to the reduction of diabetic renal impairment and renal oxidative damage.

Keywords: 1α; 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; ZDF rats; diabetes; renal function; urinary Cu; urinary Mo; urinary Se; urinary Zn.