Mesomorphic, Computational Investigations and Dyeing Applications of Laterally Substituted Dyes

Hoda A Ahmed; Mohamed A El-Atawy; Fowzia S Alamro; Nada S Al-Kadhi; Omaima A Alhaddad; Alaa Z Omar

doi:10.3390/molecules27248980

Mesomorphic, Computational Investigations and Dyeing Applications of Laterally Substituted Dyes

Molecules. 2022 Dec 16;27(24):8980. doi: 10.3390/molecules27248980.

Authors

Hoda A Ahmed^{1

2}, Mohamed A El-Atawy^{2

3}, Fowzia S Alamro⁴, Nada S Al-Kadhi⁴, Omaima A Alhaddad⁵, Alaa Z Omar³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
² Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia.
³ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Chemistry Department, College of Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madina 30002, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Two groups of laterally substituted non-mesomorphic and liquid crystalline materials bearing monoazo group were prepared and investigated via experimental and theoretical techniques. The molecular structures of the designed dyes were evaluated by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopic analyses. Mesomorphic examinations for all synthesized dyes were investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results revealed that, the thermal and optical properties of investigated compounds are mainly dependent on their molecular geometry. The optimized geometries of the azo derivatives and their electronic absorption of the dyes were carried out using the B3LYP/6-311G level of the DFT method. The azo dyes were measured for their dyeing performance on polyester fabrics. The dyed fabrics have excellent fastness properties with a color strength of 1.49-3.43 and an exhaustion rate of 82-64%. The chemical descriptor parameters of disperse azo dyes in gas phase were calculated and correlated with dyeing parameters.

Keywords: DFT; azo dye; color strength; fastness properties; liquid crystals.

MeSH terms

Azo Compounds* / chemistry
Coloring Agents* / chemistry
Polyesters / chemistry
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Textiles

Substances

Coloring Agents
Azo Compounds
Polyesters

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2022R107), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.