Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Sargassum macrocarpum Extracts

Hoon Kim; Hyun Young Shin; Eun-Jin Jeong; Hak-Dong Lee; Ki Cheol Hwang; Kwang-Won Yu; Sullim Lee; Sanghyun Lee

doi:10.3390/antiox11122483

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Sargassum macrocarpum Extracts

Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Dec 16;11(12):2483. doi: 10.3390/antiox11122483.

Authors

Hoon Kim¹, Hyun Young Shin², Eun-Jin Jeong^{2

3}, Hak-Dong Lee⁴, Ki Cheol Hwang⁵, Kwang-Won Yu³, Sullim Lee⁶, Sanghyun Lee^{4

7}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea.
² Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
³ Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Republic of Korea.
⁴ Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea.
⁵ Venture Research Center, Rafarophe Co., Cheongju 28164, Republic of Korea.
⁶ Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea.
⁷ Natural Product Institute of Science and Technology, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea.

Abstract

Oxidative stress and the inflammatory response are known to be the most important pathological factors for aging skin cells. Therefore, substances that protect skin cells from oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions of the skin have potential as functional ingredients for skin care. In the present study, we investigated the potential of Sargassum macrocarpum as an anti-inflammatory candidate for inflammatory skin disease. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities are desirable properties in such functional materials. The total polyphenol content as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated in hot-water (HES) and ethanol (EES) extracts of S. macrocarpum. The polyphenol content was higher in the HES (HES: 115.9 ± 15.3 mg GA/g, EES: 3.9 ± 0.5 mg GA/g), and the HES also had ABTS (HES: IC₅₀ 1.0 ± 0.0 mg/mL, EES: IC₅₀ 16.09 ± 0.7 mg/mL) and DPPH (HES: IC₅₀ 6.50 ± 0.3 mg/mL, EES: IC₅₀ 35.3 ± 3.1 mg/mL) radical scavenging capacities as well as FRAP activity (HES: IC₅₀ 18.8 ± 0.4 mg/mL, EES: IC₅₀ n.d.). Compared with the EES at the equivalent concentration range (1.25-20 μg/mL), the HES exerted a more potent inhibitory activity on LPS-stimulated nitric oxide (10.3-43.1%), IL-6 (15.7-45.0%), and TNF-α (14.1-20.8%) in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells in addition to TNF-α and IFN-γ-facilitated IL-6 (10.9-84.1%) and IL-8 (7.7-73.2%) in HaCaT keratinocytes. These results suggested that water-soluble materials might be deeply involved in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in S. macrocarpum. General composition analysis indicated that the HES contains more carbohydrates and polyphenols than the EES, and the monosaccharide composition analysis suggested that fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharide and β-glucan might be potent anti-inflammatory candidates in the HES. The present study presents important preliminary results and a valuable strategy for developing novel anti-skin dermatitis candidates using a hot-water extract of S. macrocarpum.

Keywords: HaCaT; RAW 264.7; anti-dermatitis activity; brown seaweed; fucose-containing polysaccharide.

Grants and funding

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (No. 2022R1I1A1A01068480). This research was also supported by Basic Science Research Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Education (No. 2018R1A6A1A03025159).