Herpes simplex virus type 2 encephalitis in a child with chronic progressive white matter lesions: A case report

Abstract

Rationale: This case is a rare manifestation of central nervous system infection of Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2. Due to few studies in China, it provides a pathological basis for further diagnosis and treatment of HSV-2.

Patient concerns: We describe a patient with HSV-2 virus infection who was diagnosed with HSV-2 encephalitis in a Chinese patient.

Diagnosis: Based on brain biopsy and pathological findings, the patient was diagnosed with HSV-2 encephalitis.

Interventions: Hormone and antiviral therapy were given.

Outcome: The patient eventually died.

Lessons: The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the disease is very difficult. Its differential diagnosis include cerebrovascular disease, bacteria or fungi and other viral infection of the brain.