Effects of online brain training on self-reported mental health symptoms for generally healthy adults during the Covid-19 pandemic

Brain Behav. 2023 Jan;13(1):e2853. doi: 10.1002/brb3.2853. Epub 2022 Dec 21.

Abstract

Background: The cognitive training Strategic Memory Advanced Reasoning Training (SMART) has been shown to improve symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress when completed using in-person delivery, but mental health outcomes have not yet been studied for online delivery of SMART.

Methods: Data was analyzed from 145 generally healthy adults participating in the BrainHealth Project pilot study who had access to 12 weeks of online self-paced SMART and self-reported mental health symptoms on the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) pre- and post-training. We utilized linear models to examine the change in self-reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress following the 12-week training period and to explore the influence of age, gender, and education on changes in symptomatology. Data from 44 participants who completed a follow-up DASS-21 6 months after completing SMART was used to explore the lasting impact of the training.

Results: Improvements in depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were observed following online SMART, evidenced by a significant decrease in self-reported symptoms on the DASS-21. Improvement in self-reported mental health symptomatology was maintained or continued to improve 6-month post-training. No significant effect of gender was observed, but findings motivate additional exploration of the effects of education and age.

Conclusion: Online SMART should be considered a low-cost, high-impact approach for supporting public mental health for generally healthy adults.

Keywords: anxiety; cognition; depression; digital health; mental health; pandemic; prevention; public health; stress.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anxiety / prevention & control
  • Anxiety / psychology
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / psychology
  • Cognitive Training* / methods
  • Depression / prevention & control
  • Depression / psychology
  • Education, Distance*
  • Humans
  • Pandemics
  • Pilot Projects
  • Self Report
  • Stress, Psychological / prevention & control
  • Stress, Psychological / psychology