Diversity is key for cross-ancestry transferability of glaucoma genetic risk scores in Hispanic Veterans in the Million Veteran Program

Pac Symp Biocomput. 2023:28:413-424.

Abstract

A major goal of precision medicine is to stratify patients based on their genetic risk for a disease to inform future screening and intervention strategies. For conditions like primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the genetic risk architecture is complicated with multiple variants contributing small effects on risk. Following the tepid success of genome-wide association studies for high-effect disease risk variant discovery, genetic risk scores (GRS), which collate effects from multiple genetic variants into a single measure, have shown promise for disease risk stratification. We assessed the application of GRS for POAG risk stratification in Hispanic-descent (HIS) and European-descent (EUR) Veterans in the Million Veteran Program. Unweighted and cross-ancestry meta-weighted GRS were calculated based on 127 genomic variants identified in the most recent report of cross-ancestry POAG meta-analyses. We found that both GRS types were associated with POAG case-control status and performed similarly in HIS and EUR Veterans. This trend was also seen in our subset analysis of HIS Veterans with less than 50% EUR global genetic ancestry. Our findings highlight the importance of evaluating GRS based on known POAG risk variants in different ancestry groups and emphasize the need for more multi-ancestry POAG genetic studies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Computational Biology
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Genome-Wide Association Study
  • Glaucoma, Open-Angle* / diagnosis
  • Glaucoma, Open-Angle* / genetics
  • Hispanic or Latino / genetics
  • Humans
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
  • Risk Factors
  • Veterans*