The brain of the North American cheetah-like cat Miracinonyx trumani

Borja Figueirido; Alejandro Pérez-Ramos; Anthony Hotchner; David M Lovelace; Francisco J Pastor; Paul Palmqvist

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.105671

The brain of the North American cheetah-like cat Miracinonyx trumani

iScience. 2022 Nov 25;25(12):105671. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105671. eCollection 2022 Dec 22.

Authors

Borja Figueirido¹, Alejandro Pérez-Ramos¹, Anthony Hotchner², David M Lovelace³, Francisco J Pastor⁴, Paul Palmqvist¹

Affiliations

¹ Departamento de Ecología y Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
² Anatomy Department, Des Moines University, 3200 Grand Avenue, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA.
³ University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Geoscience, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
⁴ Departamento de Anatomía y Radiología, Museo de Anatomía, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain.

Abstract

The cheetah Acinonyx jubatus, the fastest living land mammal, is an atypical member of the family Felidae. The extinct feline Miracinonyx trumani, known as the North American cheetah, is thought to have convergently evolved with Acinonyx to pursue fast and open-country prey across prairies and steppe environments of the North American Pleistocene. The brain of Acinonyx is unique among the living felids, but it is unknown whether the brain of the extinct M. trumani is convergent to that of Acinonyx. Here, we investigate the brain of M. trumani from a cranium endocast, using a comparative sample of other big cats. We demonstrate that the brain of M. trumani was different from that of the living A. jubatus. Indeed, its brain shows a unique combination of traits among living cats. This suggests that the case of extreme convergence between Miracinonyx and its living Old World vicar should be reconsidered.

Keywords: Evolutionary biology; Paleobiology; Zoology.