Role of Antiplatelet Therapy in Hemodialysis Arteriovenous Graft Secondary Patency Following Successful Percutaneous Thrombectomy

Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2023 Feb;46(2):204-208. doi: 10.1007/s00270-022-03329-2. Epub 2022 Dec 19.

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elicit the relationship of antiplatelet therapy (AP) in maintaining arteriovenous graft (AVG) patency after successful percutaneous pharmacomechanical thrombectomy ("declot").

Materials and methods: This was an institutional review board-approved retrospective review of AVG declot procedures between July 2019 and August 2020. AVG characteristics, bleeding complications, anticoagulation and antiplatelet medication regimens, and thrombosis free survival were evaluated. Recurrent time-to-event analysis was performed using a Prentice-Williams-Peterson Gap time model was performed to evaluate AVG thrombosis free survival.

Results: A total of 109 declots were technically successful and performed in 63 individual patients. The majority of procedures were performed in upper arm grafts (71%, n = 45). Dual antiplatelet (DAPT) was prescribed after 52 declots (48%), single antiplatelet was prescribed after 36 declots (33%), and anticoagulation was prescribed after 31 declots (28%). Median thrombosis free survival was 37 days (range 1-412 days) in the no antiplatelet group, 84 days (range 1-427 days) in the single antiplatelet group, and 93 days (range 3-407 days) in the DAPT group. Anti-platelet medications trended towards protective of AVG thrombosis in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.60-1.19); however, this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.33). A total of 4 major and 5 minor bleeding events occurred.

Conclusion: The results of this study support further evaluation of AP therapy in preventing secondary rethrombosis of dialysis AVG.

Keywords: Antiplatelet; Declot; Patency.

MeSH terms

  • Anticoagulants
  • Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical* / adverse effects
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / diagnostic imaging
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / therapy
  • Humans
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Renal Dialysis / adverse effects
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Thrombectomy / methods
  • Thrombosis* / diagnostic imaging
  • Thrombosis* / etiology
  • Thrombosis* / therapy
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vascular Patency

Substances

  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Anticoagulants