Novel 1,4-pentadien-3-one derivatives containing a sulfonamide moiety were synthesized, and their antifungal, antibacterial, and antiviral activities were verified. These compounds exhibited better activity against five bacteria, with EC50 values ranging from 9.6 to 60.1 μg/mL, prominently, which are superior to those of the commercial agent. A great amount of compounds had excellent fungicidal activity in vitro at 100 μg/mL. Strikingly, compound E6 exhibited moderate activity against Phytophthora litchii than azoxystrobin, with the EC50 value of compound E6 (0.5 μg/mL) drawing near azoxystrobin (0.3 μg/mL). Furthermore, compound E17 had a marked impact on in vivo anti-tobacco mosaic virus, according to the data of microscale thermophoresis, with a Kd value of the intermolecular binding force of 0.002 ± 0.001 μM, which was better than the commercial agent of ningnanmycin (Kd = 0.121 ± 0.031 μM). In addition, the results of these studies suggest that the use of active splicing can improve the biological activity of natural compounds and provide further complement to the development of novel pesticides.
Keywords: 1,4-pentadien-3-one; antibacterial; antifungal; antiviral; sulfonamide moiety.