Antifungal activity, mechanical properties, and accuracy of three-dimensionally printed denture base with microencapsulated phytochemicals on varying post-polymerization time

BMC Oral Health. 2022 Dec 15;22(1):611. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02654-9.

Abstract

Background: Studies on the antifungal activity, flexural strength, Vickers hardness, and intaglio surface trueness of three-dimensionally printed (3DP) denture bases with microencapsulated phytochemicals with respect to changes in post-polymerization time (PPT) are lacking.

Methods: Specimens of various shapes and dimensions were fabricated with a 3DP denture base resin mixed with 5 wt% phytoncide-filled microcapsules. Each specimen was subjected to different PPT protocols of 5, 10, 20, and 30 min. Specimens without microcapsules with 5-min PPT were used as the negative control group. Cell colonies were counted to evaluate antifungal activity. Three-point bending and Vickers hardness tests were performed to measure the flexural strengths and hardness of the specimens. Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry was used to inspect the degree of conversion (DC). The intaglio surface trueness was measured using root-mean-square estimates calculated by superimposition analysis. A non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test or one-way analysis of variance was performed (α = 0.05).

Results: The specimens with microcapsules and 10-min PPT showed the highest antifungal activity among the tested groups. Compared with the positive control group (5-min PPT), the specimens with PPTs of 10 min or longer showed significantly higher mean flexural strength, higher DC, greater hardness, and better trueness (all, P < 0.05). Except for the difference in antifungal activity, no statistically significant differences were detected between the specimens subjected to 10-, 20-, and 30-min PPT.

Conclusion: The 3DP denture base filled with microencapsulated phytoncide showed different antifungal activity and physical properties on changing PPT. The 3DP denture base containing phytoncide-filled microcapsules at 5 wt% concentration and subjected to 10-min PPT exhibited sufficient antifungal activity as well as mechanical properties and accuracy within clinical acceptance.

Keywords: 3D printing; Antifungal activity; Denture base; Microcapsule; Phytoncide; Post-polymerization time.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antifungal Agents* / pharmacology
  • Capsules
  • Denture Bases*
  • Humans
  • Materials Testing
  • Phytochemicals
  • Polymerization
  • Printing, Three-Dimensional
  • Surface Properties

Substances

  • phytoncide
  • Antifungal Agents
  • Capsules
  • Phytochemicals