Objective: To observe the different imaging manifestations of condylar sclerosis in temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis and explore the imaging significance of condylar sclerosis. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2020, 50 patients with temporomandibular joint condylar sclerosis were examined by cone-beam CT (CBCT) and underwent spiral CT, MRI and radionuclide bone imaging at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in General Hospital of Chinese PLA. There were 15 males and 35 females aged from 16 to 65 years with age of (42.7±14.5) years. The imaging manifestations of CBCT, spiral CT, MRI and radionuclide bone imaging, joint disc displacement and abnormal bone metabolism of condylar sclerosis were analyzed. And the area of condylar sclerosis was graded according to the image of CBCT. Results: A total of 50 patients were included, including 38 unilateral condylar sclerosis, 12 patients with bilateral condylar sclerosis, the total condylar sclerosis were 66. There was no significant difference between the detection rate of further spiral CT (95.5%, 63/66) and CBCT (100.0%, 66/66) (corrected χ²=1.36,P=0.244). The area of condylar sclerosis was (35.5±4.5) mm2, ranged from 1 to 100 mm2. In addition, spiral CT showed more clearly condylar sclerosis than CBCT. Sclerosis can occur in all parts of condyle, mainly in the upper middle region (68.2%,45/66) in coronal position and in the upper front region (71.2%,47/66) in sagittal position. Fifty-seven condylar sclerosis were detected by MRI, including 4(4/19) condylar sclerosis less than 4 mm2. There was significant difference in the displacement of temporomandibular joint disc between the sclerotic side and the non sclerotic side (χ²=10.09, P=0.006). MRI display the condylar sclerosis showed low signal (56/62), followed by high signal (5/62) and medium signal (1/62). Radionuclide bone imaging showed that 4 of the 38 patients with unilateral condyle sclerosis had symmetrical bone metabolism, 34 had abnormal bone metabolism, and 21 patients had concentrated on the non-sclerotic side. Radionuclide bone imaging showed that 4 of the 38 patients with unilateral condyle sclerosis had symmetrical bone metabolism and 34 had abnormal bone metabolism. Conclusions: Spiral CT is more accurate than CBCT in terms of condyle sclerosis through different imaging analysis, and the detection rate of both is higher than MRI. Most of condylar sclerosis showed different degrees of low signal on MRI. The condylar sclerosis side is usually manifested by abnormal bone metabolism.
目的： 观察颞下颌关节骨关节病髁突硬化的不同影像表现，探讨髁突硬化影像意义。 方法： 回顾性纳入2018年1月至2020年12月就诊于解放军总医院口腔颌面外科经锥形束CT影像检查发现髁突硬化并进行螺旋CT、MRI和核素骨显像的患者50例，其中男性15例，女性35例，年龄（42.7±14.5）岁（16~65岁）。分析髁突硬化在锥形束CT、螺旋CT、MRI影像及核素骨显像特点，关节盘移位及骨代谢异常情况，并根据锥形束CT的影像对髁突硬化面积进行分级。 结果： 50例患者中有38例单侧髁突硬化，12例双侧髁突硬化，共66处。螺旋CT的检出率［95.5%（63/66）］与锥形束CT［100.0%（66/66）］的差异无统计学意义（校正χ²=1.36，P=0.244），髁突硬化区域面积为（35.5±4.5）mm2（1~100 mm2）；螺旋CT对4 mm2以下的髁突硬化图像显示比锥形束CT更清楚。髁突硬化在冠状位主要位于中上区域［68.2%（45/66）］，矢状位主要位于前上区域［71.2%（47/66）］。MRI检出57处（57/66，86.3%），其中检出4 mm2以下的髁突硬化4处（4/19），硬化侧与无硬化侧颞下颌关节的关节盘移位情况的差异有统计学意义（χ²=10.09，P=0.006）。髁突硬化在MRI上多表现为低信号（56/62），其次为高信号（5/62）和中信号（1/62）。核素骨显像显示38例单侧髁突硬化中4例双侧骨代谢对称，34例骨代谢异常。 结论： 通过不同影像学分析，就髁突硬化而言，螺旋CT比锥形束CT更精准，且两者的检出率高于MRI；髁突硬化在MRI上多表现为不同程度的低信号；髁突硬化侧多表现为骨代谢异常。.