Association of single nucleotide polymorphism rs113420705 of CASP3 in children with Kawasaki disease from North India

J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Sep;11(9):5404-5409. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_177_22. Epub 2022 Oct 14.

Abstract

Background: Kawasaki disease is a pediatric, systemic, vasculitic disorder. Its exact etiology is still unknown. Genetic polymorphisms are being investigated as susceptibility factor for this disorder. These are likely to vary among different populations.

Aim: To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs113420705 of CASP3 in Kawasaki disease (KD) from North India.

Settings and design: Observational, case-control study.

Methods: Polymerase chain reaction and bidirectional Sanger sequencing was used for determining genotypes of SNP rs113420705 in 45 cases of KD and 50 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Allele and genotype frequencies were assessed and compared between the groups.

Results: Among 45 cases, 32 had TT (71.1%), 13 had CT (28.9%) and none had CC genotype of SNP rs113420705. No significant differences in allele, genotype, or carrier frequencies of rs113420705 were found between the two groups. A comparison was also made between subgroups of KD with coronary abnormality (7 children; 15.5%) and KD with normal coronaries (38 children; 84.4%). The C allele was significantly overexpressed in KD with coronary abnormality group (P = 0.005). However, no difference was noted in the genotype frequencies.

Conclusion: CT genotype of rs113420705 of CASP3 showed a trend to significance with the occurrence of KD in children in North India. However, we could not establish any association between minor allele C and susceptibility to KD. C allele appeared to be over expressed in children with KD with coronary abnormalities. Larger studies will help us to reach conclusive evidence applicable to all ethnicities.

Keywords: CASP3 gene; Kawasaki Disease; coronary artery abnormalities; rs113420705; single nucleotide polymorphism.