In-vitro inhalation bioavailability estimation of Metal(oid)s in atmospheric particulate matter (PM2.5) using simulated alveolar lysosomal fluid: A dialyzability approach

Natalia Novo-Quiza; Silvia Sanromán-Hermida; Joel Sánchez-Piñero; Jorge Moreda-Piñeiro; Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo; Purificación López-Mahía

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120761

In-vitro inhalation bioavailability estimation of Metal(oid)s in atmospheric particulate matter (PM_2.5) using simulated alveolar lysosomal fluid: A dialyzability approach

Environ Pollut. 2023 Jan 15:317:120761. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120761. Epub 2022 Nov 26.

Authors

Natalia Novo-Quiza¹, Silvia Sanromán-Hermida², Joel Sánchez-Piñero², Jorge Moreda-Piñeiro³, Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo², Purificación López-Mahía²

Affiliations

¹ University of A Coruña, Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), University Institute of Research in Environmental Studies (IUMA), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de A Coruña, s/n, 15071, A Coruña, Spain. Electronic address: natalia.novo@udc.es.
² University of A Coruña, Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), University Institute of Research in Environmental Studies (IUMA), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de A Coruña, s/n, 15071, A Coruña, Spain.
³ University of A Coruña, Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), University Institute of Research in Environmental Studies (IUMA), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de A Coruña, s/n, 15071, A Coruña, Spain. Electronic address: jorge.moreda@udc.es.

PMID: 36503820
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120761

Abstract

A novel in-vitro method, by using synthetic body fluids, human physiological conditions and a simulated air-blood barrier (by using a dialysis membrane) has been developed and applied to assess in-vitro inhalation bioavailability of metal(oid)s associated to particulate matter (PM_2,5) samples collected from an industrial site of the Northwest of Spain. A validated analytical methodology based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyse metal(oid)s concentrations in bioavailable fractions. This approach would be a more realistic human health risk assessment since considering processes that occur in human body in contrast the overestimation derived from current models (which consider environmental concentrations). Metal(oid)s such as Cu and Mo seemed to be the most bioavailable (mean in-vitro bioavailability ratios higher than 70%); Ba, Cd, Mn, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sn, V and Zn shown mean ratios between 20 and 60%, while low in-vitro bioavailability ratios (less than 20%) were observed for metal(oid)s such as Al, Co, Cr, Fe, Ni, Ti, and Tl. Health risk assessment via inhalation based on hazard carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic indexes (HI_c and HI_nc, respectively) were performed considering three exposure scenarios using both inhalation bioavailable and total metal(oid)s concentrations in PM_2.5 samples, suggesting no risk to human health. The influence of chemical composition on in-vitro bioavailability ratios was obtained, pointing out that inhalation ratios of Al, Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and V seem to be affected by sea salt and/or crustal and/or biogenic and/or anthropogenic content of PM_2.5.

Keywords: Dialyzability; Health risk assessment; In-vitro inhalation bioavailability; Metal(loid)s; Particulate matter; Simulated alveolar lysosomal fluid.

MeSH terms

Air Pollutants* / analysis
Biological Availability
Environment
Environmental Monitoring
Humans
Lead / analysis
Metals, Heavy* / analysis
Particulate Matter / analysis
Risk Assessment

Substances

Particulate Matter
Lead
Metals, Heavy
Air Pollutants