The Lipid-Soluble Bioactive Substances of Fagopyrum esculentum Varieties under Different Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilisation

Krzysztof Dziedzic; Szymon Kurek; Grażyna Podolska; Sławomira Drzymała-Czyż; Sylwia Mildner-Szkudlarz; Wei Sun; Jarosław Walkowiak

doi:10.3390/foods11233801

The Lipid-Soluble Bioactive Substances of Fagopyrum esculentum Varieties under Different Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilisation

Foods. 2022 Nov 25;11(23):3801. doi: 10.3390/foods11233801.

Authors

Krzysztof Dziedzic^{1

2}, Szymon Kurek², Grażyna Podolska³, Sławomira Drzymała-Czyż⁴, Sylwia Mildner-Szkudlarz¹, Wei Sun⁵, Jarosław Walkowiak²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
² Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Pediatrics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland.
³ Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
⁴ Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznań, Poland.
⁵ Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.

Abstract

Yield and grain composition play an important role in food production. The aim of this study was to determine the content of phytosterols, squalene, and tocopherols in four varieties of common buckwheat grains: Kora, Panda, Smuga, and Korona depending on the tillage and nitrogen doses employed. The grains were cultivated at the Experimental Station of the State Research Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation in Osiny, Poland, with plow tillage, without plow tillage cultivation, and with nitrogen fertilizers (0, 50, and 100 kg N₂ ha^-1). Gas chromatography with a mass spectrometer was used to assess all the parameters studied. The cultivation methods did not affect the levels of phytosterols, tocopherols, and squalene, but the highest levels of phytosterols were seen in the Kora variety with 50 kg N₂ ha^-1 (ranging from 1198 μg to 1800 μg·g^-1 of sample weight); therefore, the variety was the best source of phytosterols investigated.

Keywords: common buckwheat; cultivars; phytosterols; plow tillage; squalene; tocopherols.

Grants and funding

Publication co-financed by the state budget under the program of the Minister of Education and Science called Excellent Science—Support for scientific conferences project number DNK/SP/547218/2022 amount of funding PLN 85,800 total value of the project PLN 112,600.