Hematopoiesis starts from the embryo and runs through the entire life of a living body, which is a multi-stage and complex dynamic process that is regulated by multiple pathways, involving a variety of cells and hematopoietic anatomical locations. During the development of the mammalian hematopoietic system, the currently known hematopoietic anatomical locations mainly include yolk sac, aorta-gonad-mesonephros, fetal liver, bone marrow, and thymus. The first three are mainly responsible for hematopoiesis during the embryonic and fetal period, while bone marrow is the main place for postnatal hematopoiesis, and thymus is mainly responsible for the differentiation of T lymphocytes. Integrating flow cytometry, in vitro cell culture and in vivo animal transplantation models, early researchers conducted an in-depth analysis of the differentiation pathways of hematopoietic cells. However, due to technical limitations, it is difficult to track the single-cell hematopoietic activity of hematopoietic organs. Transcriptome sequencing at the single-cell level provides researchers with a unique perspective, making it possible to draw the most detailed cell fate transition maps of the hematopoietic development of living organisms, and providing new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of hematological tumors. In this article, we reviewed the research progress in the use of large-scale single-cell transcriptome sequencing in the field of physiological hematopoiesis in recent years.
题目: 单细胞转录组测序技术在生理造血领域的研究进展.
摘要: 造血是一个多阶段复杂的动态过程，受多条通路调控，涉及多种细胞和多个解剖位置，始于胚胎，贯穿整个生命周期。在哺乳动物造血系统发育过程中，目前熟知的造血解剖位置主要有卵黄囊、主动脉-性腺-中肾区、胎肝、骨髓、胸腺，前三者主要在胚胎和胎儿期承担造血任务，骨髓为成体造血的主要场所，而胸腺是T淋巴细胞分化成熟的场所。早期研究人员整合流式细胞术、体外细胞培养和体内动物移植模型，对血液系统细胞的分化路径进行了深入分析。然而受技术限制，很难追踪到造血器官的单细胞造血活动。单细胞水平的转录组测序为科研人员提供了独特的视角，使绘制生命体造血发育最为详细的细胞命运转变图谱成为可能，为血液肿瘤的诊断和治疗提供了新的思路。本文对近年来大规模开展的单细胞转录组测序技术在生理造血领域的研究进展进行了综述。.
Keywords: fetal liver; single-cell transcriptome sequence; bone marrow; hematopoiesis.