Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics

Robert Caldwell; Yanou Cui; Huai-Ke Guo; Vuk Mandic; Alberto Mariotti; Jose Miguel No; Michael J Ramsey-Musolf; Mairi Sakellariadou; Kuver Sinha; Lian-Tao Wang; Graham White; Yue Zhao; Haipeng An; Ligong Bian; Chiara Caprini; Sebastien Clesse; James M Cline; Giulia Cusin; Bartosz Fornal; Ryusuke Jinno; Benoit Laurent; Noam Levi; Kun-Feng Lyu; Mario Martinez; Andrew L Miller; Diego Redigolo; Claudia Scarlata; Alexander Sevrin; Barmak Shams Es Haghi; Jing Shu; Xavier Siemens; Danièle A Steer; Raman Sundrum; Carlos Tamarit; David J Weir; Ke-Pan Xie; Feng-Wei Yang; Siyi Zhou

doi:10.1007/s10714-022-03027-x

Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics

Gen Relativ Gravit. 2022;54(12):156. doi: 10.1007/s10714-022-03027-x. Epub 2022 Nov 30.

Authors

Robert Caldwell^#¹, Yanou Cui^#², Huai-Ke Guo^#³, Vuk Mandic^#⁴, Alberto Mariotti^#⁵, Jose Miguel No^#⁶, Michael J Ramsey-Musolf^#^{7

8}, Mairi Sakellariadou^#⁹, Kuver Sinha^#¹⁰, Lian-Tao Wang^#¹¹, Graham White^#¹², Yue Zhao^#³, Haipeng An^#^{13

14

15}, Ligong Bian^#^{15

16}, Chiara Caprini^#^{17

18}, Sebastien Clesse^#¹⁹, James M Cline^#²⁰, Giulia Cusin^#^{17

21}, Bartosz Fornal^#²², Ryusuke Jinno^#⁶, Benoit Laurent^#²⁰, Noam Levi^#²³, Kun-Feng Lyu^#⁴, Mario Martinez^#²⁴, Andrew L Miller^#²⁵, Diego Redigolo^#²⁶, Claudia Scarlata^#⁴, Alexander Sevrin^#⁵, Barmak Shams Es Haghi^#³, Jing Shu^#^{27

28

29

30}, Xavier Siemens^#³¹, Danièle A Steer^#³², Raman Sundrum^#³³, Carlos Tamarit^#³⁴, David J Weir^#³⁵, Ke-Pan Xie^#³⁶, Feng-Wei Yang³, Siyi Zhou³⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
² Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
³ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
⁴ School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
⁵ Theoretische Natuurkunde and IIHE/ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, and International Solvay Institutes, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
⁶ Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, C/ Nicolás Cabrera 13- 15, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
⁷ Tsung Dao Lee Institute/Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200120 People's Republic of China.
⁸ University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
⁹ Physics Department, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS UK.
¹⁰ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
¹¹ Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
¹² Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583 Japan.
¹³ Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People's Republic of China.
¹⁴ Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People's Republic of China.
¹⁵ Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 People's Republic of China.
¹⁶ Department of Physics and Chongqing Key Laboratory for Strongly Coupled Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331 People's Republic of China.
¹⁷ Theoretical Physics Department, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
¹⁸ CERN, Theoretical Physics Department, 1 Esplanade des Particules, 1211 Genève 23, Switzerland.
¹⁹ Service de Physique Théorique (CP225), University of Brussels (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
²⁰ Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A2T8 Canada.
²¹ Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, 75014 Paris, France.
²² Department of Chemistry and Physics, Barry University, Miami Shores, FL 33161 USA.
²³ Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel.
²⁴ Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology and ICREA, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
²⁵ Université catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
²⁶ INFN, Sezione di Firenze Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
²⁷ CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Insitute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 People's Republic of China.
²⁸ School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People's Republic of China.
²⁹ School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024 People's Republic of China.
³⁰ International Center for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific, Beijing, Hanzhou, People's Republic of China.
³¹ Department of Physics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
³² Laboratoire Astroparticule et Cosmologie, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France.
³³ University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA.
³⁴ Physik-Department T70, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße, 85748 Garching, Germany.
³⁵ Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
³⁶ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
³⁷ Department of Physics, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Detection of a gravitational-wave signal of non-astrophysical origin would be a landmark discovery, potentially providing a significant clue to some of our most basic, big-picture scientific questions about the Universe. In this white paper, we survey the leading early-Universe mechanisms that may produce a detectable signal-including inflation, phase transitions, topological defects, as well as primordial black holes-and highlight the connections to fundamental physics. We review the complementarity with collider searches for new physics, and multimessenger probes of the large-scale structure of the Universe.

Keywords: Collider and gravitational wave complementarity; Dark matter; Gravitational wave and EM correlation; Inflation; Phase transitions; Primordial gravitational waves; Topological defects.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

Z01 SC010386/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States