A recent two-fold increase in medical adverse event deaths among US inpatients

Petteri Oura; Antti Sajantila

doi:10.1177/22799036221139935

A recent two-fold increase in medical adverse event deaths among US inpatients

J Public Health Res. 2022 Nov 24;11(4):22799036221139935. doi: 10.1177/22799036221139935. eCollection 2022 Oct.

Authors

Petteri Oura^{1

2}, Antti Sajantila^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
² Forensic Medicine Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.

Abstract

Inpatients have a particular risk of sustaining medical adverse events (MAEs). This analysis aimed to identify patterns of change in deaths due to MAEs among US inpatients. The analysis was based on nationwide cause-of-death data from 1999 to 2019. To adjust for secular trends in overall mortality, MAE deaths were examined proportional to total deaths. Statistical analysis was performed by means of joinpoint regression modeling. Over the analysis period, a total of 18,126,135 certified deaths occurred among inpatients. MAEs were used as the underlying cause of death in 43,899 cases (0.24%). MAE deaths showed a significant increase from mid-2010s onwards; the estimated increase in MAE deaths was up to 15.6% per year (95% confidence interval 11.3-20.1) from 2014 to 2019. Procedure-related events mainly drove the trend. As the present data are insufficient to substantiate and disentangle underlying factors, future analyses are warranted.

Keywords: Adverse event; US; epidemiology; inpatient; mortality.