Electronically reconfigurable and conformal triband antenna for wireless communications systems and portable devices

Musa Hussain; Esraa Musa Ali; Wahaj Abbas Awan; Niamat Hussain; Mohammad Alibakhshikenari; Bal S Virdee; Francisco Falcone

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0276922

Electronically reconfigurable and conformal triband antenna for wireless communications systems and portable devices

PLoS One. 2022 Dec 1;17(12):e0276922. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276922. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Musa Hussain¹, Esraa Musa Ali², Wahaj Abbas Awan³, Niamat Hussain⁴, Mohammad Alibakhshikenari⁵, Bal S Virdee⁶, Francisco Falcone^{7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Electrical Engineering, Bahria University, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
² Faculty of Aviation Sciences, Amman Arab University, Amman, Jordan.
³ Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.
⁴ Department of Smart Device Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea.
⁵ Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Madrid, Spain.
⁶ Center for Communications Technology, School of Computing and Digital Media, London Metropolitan University, London, United Kingdom.
⁷ Department of Electric, Electronic and Communication Engineering and the Institute of Smart Cities, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.
⁸ Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, Mexico.

Abstract

This paper presents the design of a triband antenna that can be electronically configured to operate at different frequencies. The proposed antenna is design to operate at sub-6GHz bands at 2.45 GHz (ISM, Wi-Fi, and WLAN), 3.3, 3.5 & 3.9 GHz (WiMAX), and 4.1 & 4.9 GHz (4G & 5G). This is achieved by connecting two open-ended stubs to a modified triangular patch radiator using PIN diodes. The antenna's performance was optimized using a 3D electromagnetic solver and its performance was verified through measurements. Moreover, the conformal analysis done on the antenna shows that the proposed technique can be used in moderately flexible wireless devices without compromising the antenna's gain, radiation efficiency and radiation patterns. These characteristics makes the proposed antenna applicable for various wireless communication systems and devices.

Copyright: © 2022 Hussain et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Electronics*

Grants and funding

Funder1: Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Award Number: 801538 Grant Recipient: Mohammad Alibakhshikenari Grant Recipient: Mohammad Alibakhshikenari Funder 2: HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions Award Number: 801538 Grant Recipient: Mohammad Alibakhshikenari Funder 3: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación Award Number: MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE Grant Recipient: Francisco Falcone The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.