A new fistula risk score using sarcopenic obesity and subcutaneous fat area for predicting postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy

J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2023 Jun;30(6):792-801. doi: 10.1002/jhbp.1283. Epub 2022 Dec 12.

Abstract

Background/purpose: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a serious complication of pancreaticoduodenectomy and current predictors of POPF are inadequate. We developed a new fistula score to more accurately predict POPF.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 169 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy between January 2010 and August 2021 at our institution and examined patients' risk factors according to the occurrence of grade B/C POPF. Muscle and fat were assessed on preoperative computed tomography images and cutoff values were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results: Grade B/C POPF occurred in 38 (22.5%) patients. Multivariate analysis of patients' risk factors revealed that sarcopenic obesity (odds ratio [OR] 2.94; p = .033), L3 subcutaneous fat area (SFA) ≥ 98.0 cm2 (OR 2.69; p = .049), and soft pancreatic texture (OR 27.5; p = .002) were independent risk factors of grade B/C POPF occurrence. In addition, a new fistula risk score based on these factors revealed that 63.6% of patients with high scores developed grade B/C POPF, while those with negligible or low scores did not.

Conclusions: A new fistula risk scoring system based on sarcopenic obesity, SFA, and pancreatic texture may accurately predict POFP.

Keywords: pancreaticoduodenectomy; postoperative pancreatic fistula; sarcopenia; sarcopenic obesity; subcutaneous fat area.

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Obesity / complications
  • Pancreatic Fistula* / diagnostic imaging
  • Pancreatic Fistula* / etiology
  • Pancreaticoduodenectomy / adverse effects
  • Postoperative Complications / diagnostic imaging
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sarcopenia* / complications
  • Sarcopenia* / diagnostic imaging