Risk Factors of Osteoporosis in Females: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study, Yazd, Iran

Maryam Askari; Mohammad Hassan Lotfi; Mohammad Azimi; Maral Ostovarfar; Hossein Fallahzadeh; Akram Mehrabbeik; Andishe Hamedi

doi:10.18502/ijph.v51i6.9693

Risk Factors of Osteoporosis in Females: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study, Yazd, Iran

Iran J Public Health. 2022 Jun;51(6):1371-1380. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v51i6.9693.

Authors

Maryam Askari^{1

2}, Mohammad Hassan Lotfi³, Mohammad Azimi⁴, Maral Ostovarfar³, Hossein Fallahzadeh⁵, Akram Mehrabbeik¹, Andishe Hamedi⁶

Affiliations

¹ Genetic and Environmental Adventures Research Center, School of Abarkouh Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
² Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
³ Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
⁴ Department of Occupational Health, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Abarkouh, Yazd, Iran.
⁵ Research Center of Prevention and Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease, Departments of Biostatistics Nand Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
⁶ Faculty of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Imam Khomeini Hospital, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictors of osteoporosis in women in Yazd, Iran.

Methods: This hospital-based case-control study was performed on 270 women 35-65 yr old (135 case and 135 control) from Mar 2016 to Mar 2017. Case and control were matched in terms of age ± 2 (year) as a group matching. Osteoporosis is defined as a T-score of bone mineral density (BMD) below -2.5 SD. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 software. Statistical tests included chi-square, student t test and Mann Whitney test .Multiple logistic regression (MLR) which forward method was used for modeling.

Results: Odds ratio (OR) of osteoprosis were menarche age>12 yr (OR=3.37, CI:2.29-15.89), history of hysterectomy (OR=13, CI:3.81-44.82), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (OR=6.58, CI:2.29-18.91) calcium supplements (OR=0.14, CI:0.04-0.41), menopause age <40 (OR=11.84, CI:1.54-90), second smoking (OR=3.38, CI:1.16-9.81) and increase of weight (OR=0.86, CI:0.80-0.94).

Conclusion: Predictors of osteoporosis was menarche age >12 yr (3 times), history of hysterectomy (13 times), RA (6.5 times), menopause age <40 (12 times), second smoking (more than 3 times), calcium supplements and weight (protective).

Keywords: Case-control study; Iran; Osteoporosis; Women.