Women's experiences of gestational breast cancer and their interactions with the healthcare system: A scoping review

Abstract

Aim: To report the evidence of women's experiences following a diagnosis of gestational breast cancer (GBC) and their interactions with the healthcare system.

Design: A systematic scoping review.

Data sources: This scoping review systematically searched Medline, CINAHL, Psych INFO, EMBASE and SCOPUS, in addition to six grey literature databases in October 2021. A 2020 PRISMA flow diagram depicting the flow of information.

Review methods: Guided by six steps in Arksey and OMalley's Framework (2005). One researcher completed the literature review, and four independently screened the titles and abstracts related to the eligibility criteria.

Results: Totalling 25 articles, these studies comprise 2 quantitative, 20 qualitative, 1 mixed-method and 2 other documents, a book and debate. Thematic analysis was guided by Braun and Clarke (2006) to identify an overarching theme of adjustment that underpinned women's narratives and was reinforced by four major and several minor themes. The four major themes were: psychological impact, motherhood, treatment and communication. The relationship between the themes contextualizes the enormous complexity concerning women's experiences with GBC.

Conclusion: Cancer management for GBC is complex and multifaceted. At a time of conflicting emotions for women, Multidisciplinary teams are well placed to provide support, normalize the woman's experience of motherhood, demonstrate an understanding of treatment effects, and communicate in a considerate and empathetic manner with information that is timely and relevant. GBC management involves doctors, nurses, midwives and many other healthcare professionals, which can add to the impost of diagnosis.

Impact: This scoping review contributes to a better understanding of women's experience of GBC. The results may inform improvements in the support and communication for these women with GBC and their families.

Keywords: birth; breast cancer; gestation; healthcare professionals; healthcare system; nursing; patient care; patient experiences; patient navigation; pregnancy.