Across-cancer specific immune responses induced by nanovaccines or microvaccines to prevent different cancers and cancer metastasis

Lu Diao; Lin Ma; Junping Cheng; Yunzhi Pan; Zuofu Peng; Lianjun Zhang; Minghao Xu; Yupei Li; Xuenong Zhang; Honglv Jiang; Guoqiang Xu; Fenghua Meng; Zhiyuan Zhong; Mi Liu

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.105511

Across-cancer specific immune responses induced by nanovaccines or microvaccines to prevent different cancers and cancer metastasis

iScience. 2022 Nov 4;25(12):105511. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105511. eCollection 2022 Dec 22.

Authors

Lu Diao^{1

2}, Lin Ma¹, Junping Cheng³, Yunzhi Pan³, Zuofu Peng⁴, Lianjun Zhang^{5

6}, Minghao Xu^{3

2}, Yupei Li¹, Xuenong Zhang¹, Honglv Jiang¹, Guoqiang Xu¹, Fenghua Meng⁷, Zhiyuan Zhong⁷, Mi Liu^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
² Suzhou Ersheng Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
³ The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215505, People's Republic of China.
⁴ AlphaX (Beijing) Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
⁵ Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
⁶ Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China.
⁷ Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.

Abstract

Metastatic cancers and recurrent cancers are diverse, different from primary cancers, and organ-dependent. However, how strong are across-cancer immune responses among different types of cancers remain unclear. Herein, vaccines-encapsulated-whole-components-of-tumor-tissue (VEWCOTT) were applied to demonstrate the across-cancer immune responses, thanks to inducing pan-clones T-cell immune responses. Either lung-cancer-tissue- or melanoma-tissue-based VEWCOTT simultaneously prevented melanoma, lung cancer, hepatoma, and metastatic cancer, which showed that strong across-cancer immune responses were induced. Both nanovaccines and microvaccines showed potent across-cancer prevention efficacy. VEWCOTT induced tumor-specific T cells in peripheral immune organs and major organs, and adjusted the immune-microenvironment of cancer-colonized organs. In addition, the allograft of T cells from VEWCOTT immunized mice to allogeneic naive mice efficiently prevent various cancers. Many neoantigens are shared by melanoma cells and lung cancer cells. Across-cancer immune responses exist among different types of cancers, and thus VEWCOTT has the advantage of simultaneously preventing cancer metastasis and cancers in different organs.

Keywords: Cancer; Health sciences; Immunology.