Site-Selective C-H Allylation of Alkanes: Facile Access to Allylic Quaternary sp3 -Carbon Centers

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2023 Jan 23;62(4):e202214519. doi: 10.1002/anie.202214519. Epub 2022 Dec 15.

Abstract

The construction of allylic quaternary sp3 -carbon centers has long been a formidable challenge in transition-metal-catalyzed alkyl-allyl coupling reactions due to the severe steric hindrance. Herein, we report an effective carbene strategy that employs well-defined vinyl-N-triftosylhydrazones as a versatile allylating reagent to enable direct assembly of these medicinally desirable structural elements from low-cost alkane feedstocks. The reaction exhibited excellent site selectivity for tertiary C-H bonds, broad scope (>60 examples and >20 : 1:0 r. r.) and good efficiency, even on a gram-scale, making it a convenient alternative to the well-known Trost-Tsuji allylation reaction for the formation of alkyl-allyl bonds. Combined experimental and computational studies were employed to unravel the mechanism and origin of site- and chemoselectivity of the reaction.

Keywords: Allylation; C−H Insertion; Quaternary Centers; Vinylcarbenes.