Biological Stratification of Invasive and Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma

Urol Clin North Am. 2023 Feb;50(1):69-80. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2022.09.007.

Abstract

Muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder remains a highly lethal malignancy. In this review the authors explore the underlying biology associated with the evolution from non-muscle-invasive UC to muscle-invasive and metastatic UC, with a special focus on the molecular stratification of UC and the potential of this stratification to be used for treatment selection.

Keywords: Bladder cancer; Classifier; Genetic mutation; Molecular subtyping.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* / pathology
  • Humans
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* / pathology