Antibacterial activity of bioactive compounds extracted from red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds against multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales

Azhar E Ebrahim; Norhan K Abd El-Aziz; Eman Y T Elariny; Ahmed Shindia; Ali Osman; Wael N Hozzein; Dalal Hussien M Alkhalifah; Dalia El-Hossary

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1035586

Antibacterial activity of bioactive compounds extracted from red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds against multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales

Front Microbiol. 2022 Nov 7:13:1035586. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1035586. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Azhar E Ebrahim¹, Norhan K Abd El-Aziz², Eman Y T Elariny¹, Ahmed Shindia¹, Ali Osman³, Wael N Hozzein⁴, Dalal Hussien M Alkhalifah⁵, Dalia El-Hossary⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
² Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
³ Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
⁴ Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
⁵ Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

Abstract

In the present study, biologically active compounds such as phenolic-rich extract (PRE), 7S globulin (vicilin), and 11S globulin (legumin) from red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds were extracted and evaluated as antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacterales isolated from both animal and human sources. The overall occurrence rate of Enterobacterales was 43.6%, which significantly differed between animal (38.75%) and human (56.67%) sources. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that Enterobacterales isolates exhibited full resistance (100%) to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, followed by ampicillin (75.44%), erythromycin (71.93%), cefoxitin (70.18%), amoxicillin (66.66%), ceftriaxone (64.91%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (56.14%). Worthy of note, 97.92% of Enterobacterales isolates were MDR. The total phenolic contents (TPC; 53 ± 2 mg GAE g-1) and total flavonoid contents (TFC; 26 ± 1 mg QE g-1) were recorded. The major phenolic and flavonoid components were catechol (17.63 μg/mL) and hesperidin (11.37 μg/mL), respectively. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was performed to detect the 7S and 11S globulin's molecular mass. The data revealed that red kidney bean protein isolate (KPI) includes two major portions: 7S and 11S globulins. The bioactive compounds of Phaseolus vulgaris were investigated for their antibacterial activities against Enterobacterales for the first time. The protein component (MIC = 0.125 - 2 μg/mL; 53.85%) and its 7S and 11S globulin subunits (MIC = 0.5 - 2 μg/mL; 30.77% each) were the most potent extracts, whereas the methanolic extract was the least effective one (MIC = 2 μg/mL; 15.38%). The results displayed the potential of protein bioactive compounds as a hopeful candidate for enhancing future medication plans for the treatment of Enterobacterales originating from animal and human sources.

Keywords: 11S globulin; 7S globulin; Enterobacterales; multidrug-resistant; red kidney beans; seed storage proteins.