Recovery of tungsten and titanium from spent SCR catalyst by sulfuric acid leaching process

Chen Zhao; Chenye Wang; Xingrui Wang; Huiquan Li; Yan Chen; Wenfen Wu

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2022.11.013

Recovery of tungsten and titanium from spent SCR catalyst by sulfuric acid leaching process

Waste Manag. 2023 Jan 1:155:338-347. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.11.013. Epub 2022 Nov 20.

Authors

Chen Zhao¹, Chenye Wang², Xingrui Wang¹, Huiquan Li³, Yan Chen¹, Wenfen Wu¹

Affiliations

¹ CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; National Engineering Research Center of Green Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
² CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; National Engineering Research Center of Green Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. Electronic address: cywang@ipe.ac.cn.
³ CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; National Engineering Research Center of Green Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.

PMID: 36417815
DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.11.013

Abstract

The widespread use of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts has resulted in a large accumulation of spent SCR catalysts. These spent catalysts present a significant risk of environmental hazards and potential for resource recovery. This paper presents a feasible process, which works using atmospheric pressure leaching, of tungsten and titanium recovery from spent SCR catalysts. In this new method, titanium and tungsten are simultaneously leached with sulfuric acid as the leaching agent. After hydrolysis and calcination, titanium-tungsten powder with low impurity and reconstructed pore properties was obtained. The optimal conditions for the leaching of Ti and W were as follows: temperature, 150 °C; reaction time, 60 min; H₂SO₄ concentration, 80 %; mass ratio of H₂SO₄/TiO₂, 3:1; and diluted H₂SO₄ concentration, 20 % after reaction. With these optimum conditions, the leaching efficiency of Ti and W were found to be 95.92 % and 93.83 %, respectively. The ion speciation and reaction mechanism of W were studied by Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, and UV-vis. The formation of heteropolytungstate with a Keggin structure is essential for the synergistic leaching of Ti and W, as the heteropolytungstate can be stably dissolved in the acid solution. During the hydrolysis process, heteropolytungstate gradually decomposed into Ti⁴⁺ and WO₄^2- due to the formation of insoluble Ti(OH)₄ from Ti⁴⁺ in the solution. This study demonstrated an effective method for synergistic recovery of titanium and tungsten from the spent SCR catalyst.

Keywords: Acid leaching; Denitration; Recycling; Spent selective catalytic reduction catalyst; Titanium-Tungsten powder.